Tetracyanoethylene, a compound commonly used in the field of organic chemistry, holds relevance to everyday life due to its applications in various technologies and industries. It is utilized in the production of dyes, plastics, and pharmaceuticals, contributing to the development of products that are essential for modern living. Additionally, tetracyanoethylene is a key component in the field of organic electronics, playing a crucial role in the creation of conducting polymers and semiconductors used in devices such as solar panels and electronic displays. Overall, the compound’s versatility and importance in multiple fields make it a significant molecule with tangible impacts on daily life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
Tetracyanoethylene, commonly known as TCNE, finds various commercial and industrial applications due to its unique chemical properties. One of the most significant uses of TCNE is as a strong oxidizing agent in organic synthesis, particularly in the production of specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Its ability to undergo a range of chemical reactions makes it a valuable tool in research and development in the chemical industry.
In addition to its industrial applications, TCNE also plays a crucial role in the field of pharmaceuticals. The compound is used in the synthesis of certain medications and drugs, particularly those that require the incorporation of a cyano group in their structure. TCNE’s reactivity and stability make it a preferred reagent in pharmaceutical research and development, contributing to the advancement of new therapies and treatments.
Overall, tetracyanoethylene’s commercial and industrial applications extend beyond mere chemical reactions, demonstrating its versatility and utility in various sectors. Its unique properties make it a valuable asset in organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research, and other industrial processes, highlighting its significance in advancing scientific knowledge and technological innovation.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
Tetracyanoethylene is a colorless to pale yellow solid with a faint, musty odor. It is sparingly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents.
With a molar mass of approximately 144.11 g/mol and a density of around 1.43 g/cm^3, tetracyanoethylene is significantly heavier than common food items such as water (molar mass 18.015 g/mol, density 1 g/cm^3) but lighter than sugar (molar mass 342.3 g/mol, density 1.59 g/cm^3).
Tetracyanoethylene has a melting point of 140-142°C and a boiling point of 217-218°C. These values are much higher than those of common food items like water (melting point 0°C, boiling point 100°C) and sugar (melting point 160-186°C, no boiling point as it decomposes).
Tetracyanoethylene is sparingly soluble in water but highly soluble in organic solvents. It has a relatively low viscosity, making it less viscous than common food items like honey or molasses.
🏭 Production & Procurement
Tetracyanoethylene, also known as TCNE, is primarily produced through a reaction between malononitrile and tetracyanoethylene dianion. This process typically occurs in the presence of a base and yields TCNE as a yellow solid with a high purity level.
Tetracyanoethylene can be procured from chemical suppliers who specialize in providing high-purity organic compounds for research and industrial applications. Once obtained, TCNE is typically stored in airtight containers to prevent moisture or air exposure, which can degrade its quality.
In terms of transportation, Tetracyanoethylene is considered a hazardous material due to its potential for combustion and toxicity. Therefore, strict regulations govern its shipment, requiring proper labeling and handling procedures to ensure the safety of those involved in its transport. Specialized carriers trained in handling hazardous materials may be used for shipping TCNE to various destinations.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for Tetracyanoethylene include its potential to cause skin irritation, eye irritation, respiratory irritation, and central nervous system effects. It is important to handle this chemical with care, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and a respirator. Additionally, Tetracyanoethylene should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances to prevent any hazardous reactions.
Hazard statements for Tetracyanoethylene include “Causes skin irritation,” “Causes serious eye irritation,” “May cause respiratory irritation,” and “May cause drowsiness or dizziness.” These statements highlight the potential risks associated with exposure to this chemical and emphasize the importance of taking necessary precautions to prevent harm.
Precautionary statements for Tetracyanoethylene advise individuals to wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, and a respirator when handling this chemical. It is recommended to work with Tetracyanoethylene in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing in vapors or mist. In case of skin contact, it is important to wash the affected area with plenty of soap and water, while in case of eye contact, individuals should rinse their eyes with water for several minutes. If inhaled, one should move to fresh air and seek medical attention if experiencing respiratory discomfort.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for tetracyanoethylene is the study of its reactivity with various nucleophiles and electrophiles to form new organic compounds. Understanding the chemical reactions of this compound can lead to the development of novel materials and pharmaceuticals.
Another avenue of research could focus on the application of tetracyanoethylene in organic electronics, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics. By exploring its electronic properties and potential as a semiconductor, researchers may uncover new ways to improve the efficiency and performance of these devices.
Furthermore, investigating the potential biological activities of tetracyanoethylene, such as its antibacterial or antitumor properties, could provide valuable insights into its medicinal potential. This area of research could lead to the development of new drug candidates with improved therapeutic effects.
🧪 Related Compounds
Tetracyanoethylene, a compound with the molecular formula C6N4, belongs to a class of compounds known as cyanoethylene derivatives. These compounds are characterized by the presence of cyanide (-CN) groups attached to ethylene (C2H4) units. Similar compounds to tetracyanoethylene can be identified based on their molecular structure, which consists of multiple cyano groups attached to an ethylene backbone.
One such compound is tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD), which has the molecular formula C8N4. Tetracyanobutadiene is structurally similar to tetracyanoethylene, but with an additional carbon atom in the ethylene backbone. This compound also exhibits properties similar to tetracyanoethylene, such as high electron affinity and strong acceptor properties.
Another compound related to tetracyanoethylene is tetracyanopropylenediimine (TCPDI), which has the molecular formula C9N6. TCPDI contains two ethylene units linked by cyano groups, resulting in a longer conjugated system compared to tetracyanoethylene. This compound demonstrates similar electron-accepting capabilities and potential applications in organic electronics.
