Phosphoguanidinoacetate is a compound that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism, specifically in the synthesis of creatine, which is necessary for muscle function. Creatine is commonly used as a supplement by athletes and fitness enthusiasts to improve exercise performance and muscle strength. Therefore, understanding the function of Phosphoguanidinoacetate can help individuals make informed decisions about their dietary and exercise choices to optimize their physical performance in daily activities.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
Phosphoguanidinoacetate, also known as PGA, has several commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly used as a precursor in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials. PGA is also utilized in the production of energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries.
In the field of drug development and medication, Phosphoguanidinoacetate plays a crucial role as a key intermediate in the synthesis of guanidinoacetate, which is an important precursor in the biosynthesis of creatine. Creatine is widely used as a dietary supplement to improve athletic performance and muscle strength. Additionally, PGA is being explored for its potential use in the treatment of neurological disorders and cognitive impairments.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
Phosphoguanidinoacetate appears as a white crystalline solid with no distinct odor. It is typically found in powder form and is not easily dissolved in water.
Phosphoguanidinoacetate has a molar mass of 166.12 g/mol and a density of 1.27 g/cm³. Compared to common food items, such as sugar (molar mass: 342.3 g/mol, density: 1.59 g/cm³) and salt (molar mass: 58.44 g/mol, density: 2.16 g/cm³), Phosphoguanidinoacetate has a lower molar mass and density.
The melting point of Phosphoguanidinoacetate is approximately 250 °C, while its boiling point is around 500 °C. In comparison, common food items like butter (melting point: 32-35 °C) and olive oil (boiling point: 300-320 °C) have lower melting and boiling points.
Phosphoguanidinoacetate is soluble in water and has a relatively low viscosity. In contrast, common food items like flour and cornstarch are also soluble in water but have higher viscosity levels.
🏭 Production & Procurement
Phosphoguanidinoacetate, also known as guanidinoacetate phosphate, is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of creatine. It is predominantly produced in the liver and kidneys through a series of enzymatic reactions involving arginine and glycine.
Once synthesized, Phosphoguanidinoacetate can be procured from specialized chemical suppliers for research purposes. It is typically sold in a pure crystalline form and can be transported in sealed containers to maintain its stability and integrity during transit.
Alternatively, Phosphoguanidinoacetate can also be obtained through extraction from biological sources, such as animal tissues or cell cultures. This method requires specialized equipment and expertise to isolate and purify the compound for further use in research or industrial applications.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for Phosphoguanidinoacetate include the potential for irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract upon contact or inhalation. It is important to handle Phosphoguanidinoacetate with caution and use personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and a mask to minimize exposure. Additionally, proper ventilation should be ensured when working with this compound to prevent inhalation of vapors.
The hazard statements for Phosphoguanidinoacetate include causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, and may cause respiratory irritation. It is important to take appropriate precautions when handling this compound to avoid these potential hazards. In case of skin or eye contact, wash the affected area thoroughly with water and seek medical attention if irritation persists. It is also recommended to work with Phosphoguanidinoacetate in a well-ventilated area to minimize the risk of respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statements for Phosphoguanidinoacetate include wearing protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection when handling the compound. It is important to wash hands thoroughly after handling and avoid breathing vapors or dust. In case of accidental spillage, absorb the material with an inert absorbent and dispose of it according to local regulations. Store Phosphoguanidinoacetate in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials to prevent any potential reactions.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Phosphoguanidinoacetate, a precursor of creatine biosynthesis, plays a key role in energy metabolism. Research on this compound could potentially explore its physiological functions in various tissues and its impact on metabolism. Understanding the regulation of phosphoguanidinoacetate levels may provide insights into metabolic disorders and potential therapeutic targets.
Further research on the enzymes involved in phosphoguanidinoacetate metabolism could elucidate the pathways involved in creatine production. This could lead to the development of new strategies for enhancing athletic performance or treating certain muscle disorders. Investigating the effects of phosphoguanidinoacetate supplementation on cellular energy levels and muscle function may also be a promising research direction.
Exploring the relationship between phosphoguanidinoacetate levels and overall health could provide valuable information on the role of this compound in various diseases. Studying the impact of phosphoguanidinoacetate on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress could offer insights into its potential therapeutic applications. Additionally, investigating the effects of phosphoguanidinoacetate on neuroprotection and cognitive function may uncover novel mechanisms for treating neurological disorders.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to Phosphoguanidinoacetate based on molecular structure is Arginyl-Phosphate. This compound consists of an arginine amino acid linked to a phosphate group. Arginyl-phosphate plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and signaling pathways within the cell.
Another compound with a similar structure is Creatine Phosphate. This molecule contains a guanidino group, similar to Phosphoguanidinoacetate, linked to a phosphate group. Creatine phosphate is an important energy carrier in muscle cells, aiding in quick energy release during high-intensity activities.
Additionally, another similar compound is Phosphocreatine. Like Creatine Phosphate, Phosphocreatine also possesses a guanidino group linked to a phosphate group. It serves as a reservoir for high-energy phosphate bonds, providing a quick source of ATP regeneration during muscle contraction.
