Nonanoic acid, also known as pelargonic acid, is a nine-carbon fatty acid commonly found in various everyday products. Although primarily used in the production of fragrances, it also serves as a precursor in the manufacturing of plasticizers, lubricants, and corrosion inhibitors. Additionally, nonanoic acid is used as a pesticide and herbicide in agriculture. Its diverse applications make it a valuable compound in both industrial and household settings.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
Nonanoic acid, also known as pelargonic acid, has various commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly used as a precursor in the production of esters for flavors and fragrances. Additionally, nonanoic acid is utilized as a corrosion inhibitor in metalworking fluids due to its ability to form a protective layer on metal surfaces.
In terms of drug and medication applications, nonanoic acid has been investigated for its potential as a topical antimicrobial agent. Studies have shown that nonanoic acid exhibits antimicrobial properties against various pathogens, making it a promising candidate for use in disinfectants and antiseptics. Additionally, nonanoic acid has been studied for its potential use in the treatment of acne due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
Nonanoic acid, also known as pelargonic acid, is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent, rancid odor. It is commonly found in various foods and cleaning products due to its antimicrobial properties.
With a molar mass of approximately 158.24 g/mol and a density of 0.94 g/cm³, nonanoic acid is lighter than common household items such as water (molar mass: 18.02 g/mol, density: 1 g/cm³) and ethanol (molar mass: 46.07 g/mol, density: 0.79 g/cm³).
Nonanoic acid has a melting point of around 30°C and a boiling point of approximately 254°C. These temperatures are significantly higher than those of common household items like ice (melting point: 0°C) and water (boiling point: 100°C).
Nonanoic acid is sparingly soluble in water and exhibits a high viscosity. This contrasts with common household items like salt (high solubility in water) and water (low viscosity), making nonanoic acid less likely to dissolve and more viscous in comparison.
🏭 Production & Procurement
Nonanoic acid, also known as pelargonic acid, is typically produced through the oxidation of nonene, a type of alkene derived from petroleum or vegetable oils. This process involves the use of specialized catalysts and high temperatures to convert nonene into nonanoic acid, which is then further purified for commercial use.
Nonanoic acid can be procured from chemical suppliers that specialize in organic acids and specialty chemicals. It is commonly available in liquid form and can be transported in bulk quantities via tank trucks or railcars. The acid is typically stored in containers made of stainless steel or high-density polyethylene to prevent contamination or degradation during transit.
Alternatively, nonanoic acid can also be synthesized in smaller quantities through the oxidation of natural fatty acids present in coconut or palm kernel oils. This method involves the use of strong oxidizing agents and careful control of reaction conditions to ensure the desired product is formed. The resulting nonanoic acid can then be purified through distillation or other separation techniques before being used in various applications.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for Nonanoic Acid include its potential for skin and eye irritation, as well as its potential for respiratory irritation if inhaled. It is important to handle Nonanoic Acid with care, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and a mask to prevent exposure. In case of accidental exposure, it is recommended to rinse affected areas thoroughly with water and seek medical attention if necessary.
Nonanoic Acid, also known as pelargonic acid, is a naturally-occurring fatty acid commonly used in the production of herbicides, fragrances, and flavorings. It works as a herbicide by disrupting plant cell membranes, leading to desiccation and ultimately plant death. As a fragrance and flavoring agent, Nonanoic Acid imparts a characteristic fruity and slightly fatty odor and taste.
Hazard statements for Nonanoic Acid include “Causes skin irritation” and “Causes serious eye irritation.” These statements indicate the potential risks associated with exposure to Nonanoic Acid, emphasizing the importance of using appropriate protective measures when handling this substance. It is crucial to minimize skin and eye contact with Nonanoic Acid to prevent irritation and other adverse effects.
Precautionary statements for Nonanoic Acid include “Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection” and “IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.” These statements provide guidelines for safe handling and storage of Nonanoic Acid to minimize the risk of harm. It is essential to follow these precautions to ensure the safe use of Nonanoic Acid and prevent potential health hazards.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Potential research directions for Nonanoic Acid include its use as a precursor in the synthesis of various organic compounds, particularly in the field of organic chemistry. Researchers may explore its potential as a building block for the creation of new materials with unique properties or functionalities.
Another promising research direction is the investigation of Nonanoic Acid’s antimicrobial properties. Studies could examine its efficacy as a disinfectant or antimicrobial agent in various applications, such as in the pharmaceutical or food industries. Understanding its mechanism of action against microorganisms could lead to the development of novel antimicrobial agents.
Furthermore, research on the environmental impact of Nonanoic Acid is an important area of study. Investigations could focus on its biodegradability, toxicity, and potential ecological risks. Assessing its environmental behavior and fate can provide valuable insights for regulatory agencies and industries utilizing Nonanoic Acid in their products.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to Nonanoic Acid is Decanoic Acid, which has a molecular structure with a chain of ten carbon atoms. Decanoic Acid, also known as Capric Acid, is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Its chemical formula is C10H20O2, and it is used in various applications such as food flavoring and perfume production.
Another compound similar to Nonanoic Acid is Octanoic Acid, which has a molecular structure with a chain of eight carbon atoms. Octanoic Acid, also known as Caprylic Acid, is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid found in coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and milk. Its chemical formula is C8H16O2, and it is used in the manufacture of soaps, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals due to its antimicrobial properties.
Additionally, a compound similar to Nonanoic Acid is Undecanoic Acid, which has a molecular structure with a chain of eleven carbon atoms. Undecanoic Acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in castor oil and other vegetable oils. Its chemical formula is C11H22O2, and it is used in the production of lubricants, plasticizers, and corrosion inhibitors due to its ability to form stable esters.
