N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, also known as melatonin, is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain that plays a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake cycles. This compound helps to synchronize our internal body clock with the natural day-night cycles, aiding in the maintenance of a healthy sleep pattern. In our daily lives, melatonin supplementation is commonly used to treat sleep disorders such as insomnia and jet lag, as well as to promote overall sleep quality and duration. Additionally, research suggests that melatonin may have antioxidant properties and could potentially be beneficial in treating certain medical conditions. Therefore, the relevance of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine in everyday life lies in its ability to support healthy sleep patterns and potentially improve overall well-being.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, also known as melatonin, has various commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly used as an ingredient in dietary supplements marketed for sleep support and relaxation. Additionally, melatonin is utilized in the manufacturing of personal care products such as lotions and creams due to its purported antioxidant properties.
In terms of drug and medication applications, N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine plays a significant role in the treatment of sleep disorders such as insomnia. It is often prescribed as a sleep aid to help regulate the sleep-wake cycle and improve overall sleep quality. Furthermore, melatonin has been investigated for its potential therapeutic benefits in managing certain neurological and psychiatric conditions, though further research is needed to confirm its efficacy in these areas.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, also known as melatonin, is a white, crystalline powder with no distinct odor.
It has a molar mass of approximately 232.28 g/mol and a density of about 1.354 g/cm3. This places it in the same range as common household items like table salt (NaCl) in terms of molar mass and density.
N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine has a melting point of around 116-117°C and a boiling point of approximately 256-257°C. These values are similar to common household items like sugar in terms of melting and boiling points.
It is soluble in water and has a relatively low viscosity. This differs from common household items like olive oil, which are generally less soluble in water and have a higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
In the production of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, also known as melatonin, the precursor molecule 5-hydroxytryptophan is first extracted from the seeds of the Griffonia simplicifolia plant. This compound is then acetylated to form N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine through a series of chemical reactions in a controlled laboratory setting.
N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine can be procured from specialized chemical suppliers who produce and synthesize this compound for research and pharmaceutical purposes. The compound is typically transported in sealed containers to prevent degradation and contamination during shipment. Careful handling and storage conditions are necessary to maintain the integrity of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine during transport.
In the pharmaceutical industry, N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine is commonly used in the production of supplements and medications aimed at improving sleep and regulating circadian rhythms. The compound may also be utilized in research studies to investigate its role in biological processes and potential therapeutic applications. The procurement and use of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine should adhere to strict regulations and guidelines to ensure safety and efficacy.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine include proper handling and storage to prevent potential hazards. It is crucial to use personal protective equipment such as gloves and goggles when working with this compound to avoid skin contact or inhalation of vapors. Additionally, it is important to have adequate ventilation in the work area to minimize the risk of exposure.
The pharmacology of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine involves its role as a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is known to regulate mood, behavior, and sleep, among other functions. N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine is also believed to have antioxidant properties and may play a role in reducing oxidative stress in the body.
Hazard statements for N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine include the potential for skin and eye irritation upon contact. It may also be harmful if swallowed or inhaled, leading to respiratory irritation. In case of exposure, it is important to seek medical attention immediately and provide relevant information about the compound to healthcare providers.
Precautionary statements for N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine include avoiding direct contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. It is recommended to wash hands thoroughly after handling the compound and to dispose of any contaminated clothing appropriately. In case of a spill, it is important to clean up the area following proper safety procedures and to prevent further exposure to individuals in the vicinity.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine (a metabolite of melatonin) is exploring its role in regulating various physiological processes in the body, such as sleep, mood, and immune function.
Further investigation into the potential therapeutic effects of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine on conditions like insomnia, depression, and inflammation could yield valuable insights for developing novel treatment options.
Studying the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine may provide a better understanding of its bioavailability, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body, which could inform dosage recommendations and potential drug interactions.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine based upon molecular structure is N-Acetylserotonin. This compound is also known as O-Acetylserotonin and is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of melatonin. N-Acetylserotonin plays a crucial role in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle in mammals. It is produced by the enzyme arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) in the pineal gland.
Another compound with a similar structure to N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine is Melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in response to darkness and is involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms. Like N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, melatonin is derived from the amino acid tryptophan. Melatonin has various physiological functions in the body, including regulation of sleep-wake cycles and antioxidant activity.
Furthermore, another compound structurally related to N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine is 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin). Serotonin is a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of mood, appetite, and sleep. It is derived from tryptophan and plays a crucial role in the central nervous system. Serotonin is involved in various physiological processes, including gastrointestinal motility, cardiovascular function, and mood regulation.
