Dimethyl oxalate is a compound that is commonly used in various industrial applications, specifically in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. Despite its limited direct relevance to everyday life, it plays a significant role in facilitating the development of these essential products that contribute to the advancement of healthcare, agriculture, and textile industries. Additionally, dimethyl oxalate serves as a valuable intermediate in organic synthesis, further underscoring its importance in the broader chemical manufacturing sector.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
Dimethyl oxalate, a chemical compound with the formula (CH3O2C2O2CH3), finds use in various commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly employed as a reagent in organic synthesis, serving as a precursor for the preparation of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Dimethyl oxalate is also used in the production of certain polymers and as a chemical intermediate in the manufacturing of dyes and perfumes.
In addition to its industrial applications, dimethyl oxalate also plays a role in the field of pharmaceuticals. This compound is utilized in the synthesis of certain drug molecules and as a building block in the production of pharmacologically active compounds. Dimethyl oxalate may be used as a starting material for the preparation of pharmaceuticals with diverse therapeutic applications, such as antiviral agents, antibiotics, and anticancer drugs.
Overall, dimethyl oxalate demonstrates versatility in its applications within both commercial and industrial settings, as well as in pharmaceutical and medicinal contexts. Its unique chemical properties make it a valuable component in the synthesis of various compounds with wide-ranging uses across different industries. As research continues to explore the potential of dimethyl oxalate, its significance in diverse applications is likely to persist and expand.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
Dimethyl oxalate is a colorless, odorless crystalline compound. It appears as fine powder or crystals with a melting point at 54-55 °C.
The molar mass of Dimethyl oxalate is approximately 132.08 g/mol, and it has a density of 1.294 g/cm3. This compares to the molar mass and density of common food items such as sugar which has a molar mass around 342.3 g/mol and density of 1.59 g/cm3.
Dimethyl oxalate has a melting point of 54-55 °C and a boiling point of 99-102 °C. This compares to common food items such as butter with a melting point around 32-35 °C and water with a boiling point of 100 °C.
Dimethyl oxalate is slightly soluble in water and has low viscosity. This compares to common food items such as salt which is highly soluble in water and has higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
Dimethyl oxalate, a colorless crystalline compound, is primarily produced through the esterification of oxalic acid with methanol in the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid. This reaction results in the formation of dimethyl oxalate and water as byproducts. The process typically requires careful control of temperature and pressure to ensure optimal yield.
Dimethyl oxalate can be procured commercially from chemical suppliers or manufacturers who specialize in organic compounds. The compound is often available in both solid and liquid forms, depending on the intended application. It can be transported in sealed containers or drums to prevent contamination or decomposition during transit.
Due to its potential hazards and reactivity, handling and transportation of dimethyl oxalate require adherence to strict safety protocols. Proper labeling, storage, and handling procedures must be observed to minimize the risk of exposure to the compound. Additionally, regulations governing the transportation of hazardous materials must be followed to ensure safe delivery to the intended destination.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for Dimethyl oxalate should be taken seriously due to its potential hazards. The chemical is flammable and can form explosive peroxides upon exposure to air. It is also toxic if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin. Dimethyl oxalate may cause irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes. Proper ventilation, personal protective equipment, and safe handling procedures are essential when working with this chemical to prevent accidents and exposure.
Hazard statements for Dimethyl oxalate include: flammable liquid and vapor, may form explosive peroxides, harmful if swallowed, may be fatal if inhaled, causes skin and eye irritation, and may cause respiratory irritation. These statements highlight the potential dangers associated with Dimethyl oxalate and emphasize the importance of taking necessary precautions to avoid adverse health effects.
Precautionary statements for Dimethyl oxalate include: keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, hot surfaces, and other sources of ignition, avoid breathing vapor, wear protective gloves/eye protection/face protection, and wash thoroughly after handling. These statements provide guidance on how to safely handle Dimethyl oxalate to minimize the risk of exposure and accidents. Following these precautionary measures can help ensure the safety of individuals working with this chemical.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Potential research directions of Dimethyl oxalate include its use as a green reagent in organic synthesis due to its low toxicity and environmental impact. Researchers may explore its potential applications in various chemical transformations, such as esterifications and carbonylations, to develop more sustainable and efficient synthetic methods.
Another research direction could involve investigating the reactivity of Dimethyl oxalate with different nucleophiles and electrophiles to understand its mechanism of action in organic reactions. By studying its reaction pathways and byproducts, researchers can expand the scope of its synthetic utility and develop new catalytic systems based on its reactivity profile.
Furthermore, studies on the physicochemical properties of Dimethyl oxalate, such as its solubility, stability, and reactivity under different conditions, can provide valuable insights for optimizing its use in a wide range of applications. By elucidating its behavior in various chemical environments, researchers can uncover new opportunities for incorporating Dimethyl oxalate into diverse synthetic processes.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to Dimethyl oxalate is Ethylene glycol. Ethylene glycol has the molecular formula C2H6O2 and a similar structure to Dimethyl oxalate. Both compounds contain two carbons, two hydrogens, and two oxygens. Ethylene glycol is commonly used as a coolant and antifreeze in automotive applications.
Another similar compound to Dimethyl oxalate is Diethyl oxalate. Diethyl oxalate has the molecular formula C6H10O4 and a structure that is closely related to Dimethyl oxalate. Both compounds contain two carbons and two oxygens, but Diethyl oxalate also contains additional carbon and hydrogen atoms. Diethyl oxalate is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
A third compound similar to Dimethyl oxalate is Dimethyl carbonate. Dimethyl carbonate has the molecular formula C3H6O3 and a similar structure to Dimethyl oxalate. Both compounds contain two carbons, six hydrogens, and three oxygens. Dimethyl carbonate is used as a solvent, fuel additive, and in the production of polycarbonates.