Amantadine Hydrochloride is a medication primarily used to treat Parkinson’s disease and certain types of influenza infections. In everyday life, its relevance lies in its ability to alleviate symptoms of these conditions, such as tremors, muscle stiffness, and fatigue. By easing these symptoms, Amantadine Hydrochloride can improve quality of life for individuals affected by Parkinson’s disease and influenza, allowing them to better manage their daily activities and overall well-being.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
Amantadine hydrochloride, a medication primarily used to treat Parkinson’s disease and certain types of flu infections, also has commercial and industrial applications. In the commercial sector, Amantadine Hydrochloride is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals. In the industrial sector, it is utilized as a corrosion inhibitor in metalworking fluids and as an additive in the manufacturing of polyelectrolytes.
In drug and medication applications, Amantadine Hydrochloride functions as an antiviral agent against the influenza A virus, as well as an antiparkinsonian agent that helps control symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. It is also used to manage symptoms of certain types of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. Additionally, Amantadine Hydrochloride has shown potential in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome and as an adjunct therapy for managing symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
Amantadine Hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder with a slight amine odor. It is typically odorless when pure and stored properly.
The molar mass of Amantadine Hydrochloride is approximately 187.71 g/mol, with a density of 1.066 g/cm3. In comparison, common food items such as table salt (NaCl) have a molar mass of 58.44 g/mol and a density of 2.16 g/cm3.
The melting point of Amantadine Hydrochloride is around 180-185°C, while the boiling point is approximately 300°C. These values are significantly higher than those of common food items like sugar (sucrose), which has a melting point of 186°C and a boiling point of 186°C.
Amantadine Hydrochloride is highly soluble in water, forming a clear solution. Its viscosity is relatively low, similar to water. In comparison, common food items like salt and sugar are also highly soluble in water, but may exhibit higher viscosities depending on the concentration.
🏭 Production & Procurement
Amantadine Hydrochloride, a medication known for its antiviral and antiparkinsonian properties, is typically produced through a synthetic process in pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities. This process involves the combination of various chemicals and reagents under controlled conditions to form the final product of Amantadine Hydrochloride. Quality control measures are implemented throughout the production process to ensure the purity and effectiveness of the medication.
Once the production of Amantadine Hydrochloride is completed, the medication can be procured through licensed pharmaceutical distributors or directly from pharmaceutical companies. Procurement of Amantadine Hydrochloride is subject to local regulations and may require a prescription from a licensed healthcare provider. The medication is typically transported in sealed containers or packaging to maintain its stability and effectiveness during transit.
Transportation of Amantadine Hydrochloride may involve various modes of transportation, such as ground shipping, air freight, or courier services depending on the distance and urgency of delivery. Proper labeling and documentation are essential to comply with regulatory requirements and ensure the safe and timely transport of the medication. Storage conditions, such as temperature and humidity levels, must also be monitored to prevent degradation of Amantadine Hydrochloride during transportation.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for Amantadine Hydrochloride include potential risks of skin and eye irritation upon direct contact. It is important to handle the compound with care, wearing appropriate protective equipment such as gloves and goggles to minimize the risk of exposure. Additionally, it is crucial to store Amantadine Hydrochloride in a secure location away from incompatible materials to prevent any accidents or contamination.
The hazard statements associated with Amantadine Hydrochloride include warnings about potential skin and eye irritation, as well as the risk of respiratory irritation if inhaled. It is advised to avoid direct contact with the compound and to handle it in a well-ventilated area to minimize the risk of inhalation. In cases of exposure, it is important to seek medical attention immediately and provide the relevant hazard information to healthcare providers.
Precautionary statements for Amantadine Hydrochloride emphasize the importance of wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when handling the compound. It is also recommended to work with Amantadine Hydrochloride in a well-ventilated area to reduce the risk of inhalation. In case of accidental exposure, it is crucial to rinse affected areas thoroughly with water and seek medical attention if irritation persists. Additionally, storing the compound in a secure location away from incompatible materials is essential to prevent any potential hazards or accidents.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for Amantadine Hydrochloride involves exploring its effectiveness in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Studies may focus on the drug’s ability to improve motor function, reduce symptoms of tremors and dyskinesia, and overall quality of life for patients.
Another area of research could involve investigating the use of Amantadine Hydrochloride as an adjunct therapy for individuals with traumatic brain injuries. Studies may examine its potential neuroprotective properties, impact on cognitive function, and ability to mitigate symptoms such as fatigue and depression in this patient population.
Furthermore, researchers may explore the potential role of Amantadine Hydrochloride in the management of chronic pain conditions, particularly neuropathic pain. Studies could investigate its mechanism of action in modulating pain perception, its efficacy in reducing pain intensity, and any potential side effects or limitations of long-term use in this context.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to Amantadine Hydrochloride based upon molecular structure is Memantine Hydrochloride. Memantine Hydrochloride is a medication commonly used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Like Amantadine Hydrochloride, Memantine Hydrochloride is an NMDA receptor antagonist, which blocks the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter associated with learning and memory.
Another compound with a similar molecular structure to Amantadine Hydrochloride is Rimantadine Hydrochloride. Rimantadine Hydrochloride is used to treat and prevent influenza A virus infections. Both Rimantadine Hydrochloride and Amantadine Hydrochloride belong to the adamantane class of compounds and share a similar pharmacophore that allows them to inhibit viral replication by interfering with the viral M2 ion channel.
Mantadix Hydrochloride is also a compound closely related to Amantadine Hydrochloride in terms of molecular structure. Mantadix Hydrochloride, like Amantadine Hydrochloride, is an antiviral medication that is primarily used to treat influenza A virus infections. Its mechanism of action is similar to Amantadine Hydrochloride, as it also targets the M2 protein of the influenza virus to prevent viral replication.
