3-Chlorobenzonitrile is a chemical compound that holds relevance in a variety of everyday applications. This compound is commonly used in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. In the pharmaceutical industry, 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is utilized as an intermediate in the synthesis of various drugs, contributing to the development of life-saving medications. Additionally, its presence in agrochemicals aids in the formulation of crop protection products essential for ensuring global food security. Its application in dye production further underscores its importance in everyday life, as dyes are integral to a wide range of industries including textiles and cosmetics. Overall, the versatility and utility of 3-Chlorobenzonitrile make it a compound with significant impact on various aspects of everyday life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
3-Chlorobenzonitrile, a chemical compound commonly used in industrial settings, has several commercial and industrial applications. It is often utilized as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes due to its versatile chemical properties. Additionally, 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is a key ingredient in the production of various polymers and resins, used in the manufacture of adhesives, coatings, and plastics.
In drug and medication applications, 3-Chlorobenzonitrile plays a crucial role as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. This compound is commonly used in the development of drugs for various therapeutic purposes, including antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer medications. Its ability to undergo specific chemical reactions makes it valuable in creating complex molecules with targeted biological activities, making it an important tool in drug discovery and development processes.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
3-Chlorobenzonitrile is a white crystalline solid with a faint aromatic odor reminiscent of almonds.
Its molar mass is 149.56 g/mol, and its density is approximately 1.221 g/cm3. In comparison, common food items like sucrose have a molar mass of 342.30 g/mol and a density of 1.587 g/cm3, indicating that 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is lighter and less dense than sucrose.
The melting point of 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is around 73-75°C, while its boiling point is approximately 217-218°C. When compared to common food items like butter (melting point: 32-35°C, boiling point: 150-180°C), 3-Chlorobenzonitrile has a higher melting and boiling point.
3-Chlorobenzonitrile is sparingly soluble in water and exhibits low viscosity. In contrast, common food items like table salt are highly soluble in water and may have higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
3-Chlorobenzonitrile is produced through a multi-step chemical synthesis process. The starting material for the production of 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is typically benzonitrile, which undergoes a chlorination reaction to introduce the chlorine atom at the meta position. The chlorination reaction is typically carried out using either gaseous chlorine or a chlorine source such as N-chlorosuccinimide.
Once 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is produced, it can be procured from chemical suppliers or manufacturers. It is commonly available in the form of a white crystalline solid. The compound is typically packaged in containers such as drums or bags for transportation. 3-Chlorobenzonitrile can be transported via various means such as ground shipping, air freight, or sea freight, depending on the quantity and destination.
In the procurement of 3-Chlorobenzonitrile, buyers should ensure that the compound is obtained from reputable suppliers who adhere to quality control standards. The purity of the compound is an important factor to consider when procuring 3-Chlorobenzonitrile for research or industrial purposes. Additionally, buyers should comply with legal and safety regulations regarding the handling and transportation of this chemical compound.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 3-Chlorobenzonitrile include its potential for causing skin and eye irritation upon contact. It is also harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Precautions should be taken to avoid exposure to this substance, such as wearing protective gloves, clothing, and eyewear when handling it. In case of accidental exposure, immediate medical attention should be sought.
Hazard statements for 3-Chlorobenzonitrile include its ability to cause skin and eye irritation and damage. It is also harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Long-term exposure may cause damage to organs. This substance is toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects and should be handled with care to prevent harm to the environment.
Precautionary statements for 3-Chlorobenzonitrile include avoiding release to the environment. It should be stored in a well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Protective clothing, gloves, and eyewear should be worn when handling this substance. In case of contact, thoroughly rinse affected areas with water and seek medical attention if necessary.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Research on 3-Chlorobenzonitrile has the potential to explore its applications in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds, agrochemicals, and materials science. The halogen substitution on the benzene ring can lead to diverse chemical reactivity, making 3-Chlorobenzonitrile a versatile building block for organic synthesis.
Studies on the reaction mechanisms involving 3-Chlorobenzonitrile can provide insight into the reactivity of the C-Cl bond and its potential for functional group transformations. Understanding these mechanisms can aid in the development of new synthetic routes and the optimization of existing protocols for the preparation of valuable intermediates and final products.
Furthermore, investigations into the biological activity of 3-Chlorobenzonitrile and its derivatives can shed light on their potential as drug candidates or pesticides. By exploring the interaction of these compounds with biological targets, researchers can elucidate their mode of action and assess their potential for therapeutic or agricultural applications.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 3-Chlorobenzonitrile based upon molecular structure is 4-Chlorobenzonitrile. This compound has the same benzene ring with a chlorine atom attached at the 4th position and a nitrile group attached to the benzene ring. The only difference between 3-Chlorobenzonitrile and 4-Chlorobenzonitrile is the position of the chlorine atom on the benzene ring.
Another compound similar to 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. This compound also has a benzene ring with a chlorine atom attached at the 2nd position and a nitrile group attached to the benzene ring. Like 3-Chlorobenzonitrile, the position of the chlorine atom on the benzene ring is the distinguishing feature between the two compounds.
Additionally, a related compound to 3-Chlorobenzonitrile is Dichlorobenzonitrile. This compound contains two chlorine atoms attached to the benzene ring, one at the 3rd position and one at the 4th position, along with the nitrile group. While Dichlorobenzonitrile shares the chlorine atom with 3-Chlorobenzonitrile, the presence of two chlorine atoms distinguishes it from its counterpart.
