p-Terphenyl is a chemical compound with a variety of practical applications in everyday life. It is commonly used as a fluorescent dye in the manufacturing of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which are found in many modern electronic devices such as smartphones, televisions, and computer screens. Additionally, p-Terphenyl is also utilized as a coolant and lubricant in high-performance machinery due to its exceptional thermal stability and low viscosity. These versatile properties make p-Terphenyl a crucial ingredient in various industries, ranging from technology to engineering, ultimately impacting the efficiency and functionality of numerous consumer products.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
p-Terphenyl, a type of aromatic hydrocarbon compound, has various commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly used as a high-temperature heat transfer medium in manufacturing processes. Its chemical stability and resistance to oxidation make it ideal for use in industries such as pharmaceuticals, electronics, and textiles.
In addition to its commercial and industrial uses, p-Terphenyl has applications in the field of drug development and medication. Its ability to act as a fluorescent probe in biological systems has made it invaluable in pharmaceutical research. p-Terphenyl derivatives have been studied for their potential as anticancer agents and as inhibitors of certain enzymes involved in disease processes. Further research on the pharmaceutical applications of p-Terphenyl is ongoing.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
p-Terphenyl is a white crystalline solid with a faint odor that is nearly odorless. Its appearance is described as a fine powder or small crystals.
The molar mass of p-Terphenyl is approximately 230.27 g/mol, and its density is around 1.20 g/cm³. Compared to common food items, p-Terphenyl has a higher molar mass and density. For example, the molar mass of sugar is around 342.3 g/mol, while the density of water is 1 g/cm³.
The melting point of p-Terphenyl is around 214°C, and its boiling point is approximately 390°C. In comparison to common food items, p-Terphenyl has higher melting and boiling points. For example, sugar melts at around 160-186°C, and water boils at 100°C.
p-Terphenyl is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, and it exhibits a low viscosity in its liquid form. Compared to common food items, p-Terphenyl has low solubility in water and lower viscosity. For example, sugar is highly soluble in water, and honey has a higher viscosity than p-Terphenyl.
🏭 Production & Procurement
p-Terphenyl is typically produced through a process known as Friedel-Crafts alkylation, which involves the reaction of benzene with 1,4-dichlorobenzene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as aluminum chloride. This results in the formation of p-Terphenyl as the desired product with high selectivity.
p-Terphenyl can be procured from chemical suppliers specializing in aromatic compounds. It is commonly available in both liquid and solid forms, depending on the specific requirements of the end application. The compound can be transported in sealed containers to prevent exposure to moisture and contaminants during shipping.
When procuring p-Terphenyl, it is essential to ensure that the compound meets the required purity specifications for the intended application. Quality control measures should be in place to verify the identity and purity of the product before acceptance. Transportation of p-Terphenyl should comply with regulations governing the handling and storage of hazardous chemicals to ensure safety during transit.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for p-Terphenyl are crucial due to its potential hazards. This chemical should be handled only by trained professionals who are familiar with proper handling techniques. Personal protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats, should be worn at all times when working with p-Terphenyl to prevent skin contact, eye irritation, or inhalation of vapors. It is important to work with p-Terphenyl in a well-ventilated area to minimize exposure to fumes. In case of accidental ingestion or exposure, seek immediate medical attention and have the Safety Data Sheet readily available for healthcare providers.
Hazard statements for p-Terphenyl include causing skin irritation and serious eye damage. This chemical may be harmful if swallowed or if inhaled. Prolonged or repeated exposure to p-Terphenyl may cause respiratory irritation. It is important to handle this substance with care to prevent any adverse health effects. Avoid direct contact with skin or eyes, and use appropriate protective equipment when working with p-Terphenyl to minimize the risk of exposure.
Precautionary statements for p-Terphenyl include wearing protective gloves and eye protection when handling this chemical. Avoid breathing in fumes or vapors by working in a well-ventilated area or using respiratory protection if necessary. Store p-Terphenyl in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition. In case of spillage, wear appropriate protective gear and follow proper cleanup procedures to prevent environmental contamination. Always consult the Safety Data Sheet for specific guidance on handling and disposal of p-Terphenyl.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for p-Terphenyl is in the field of organic optoelectronic devices. Studies have shown its promising properties as a host material for organic light-emitting diodes and organic semiconductor materials.
Another area of interest is in the development of p-Terphenyl-based sensor materials. Its rigid and symmetrical structure makes it a favorable candidate for sensing applications, such as in the detection of various environmental pollutants or biological analytes.
Furthermore, research on the synthesis and modification of p-Terphenyl derivatives could lead to the discovery of novel materials with improved properties. By exploring different substituents and molecular structures, researchers can tailor the properties of p-Terphenyl for specific applications in electronics, photonics, and materials science.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to p-Terphenyl based upon molecular structure is 1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene. This compound consists of three phenyl groups attached to a central benzene ring in a similar fashion to p-Terphenyl. The presence of three phenyl groups in 1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene results in a rigid and planar structure, similar to p-Terphenyl.
Another compound with a similar molecular structure to p-Terphenyl is 9,10-Diphenylanthracene. This compound features two phenyl groups attached to an anthracene core, creating a structure reminiscent of p-Terphenyl. The conjugated system in 9,10-Diphenylanthracene allows for efficient electron delocalization, leading to interesting optical and electronic properties similar to p-Terphenyl.
Furthermore, Dibenzanthracene is another compound that shares a resemblance to p-Terphenyl in terms of molecular structure. Dibenzanthracene is composed of two benzene rings fused to an anthracene core, resulting in a structure that exhibits similar aromatic characteristics to p-Terphenyl. The extended conjugation in Dibenzanthracene gives rise to unique electronic properties, making it a compound of interest in various applications.
