9-Vinylcarbazole, a derivative of carbazole, is an important compound in everyday life due to its utility in various industries. It is commonly used as a building block in the synthesis of organic semiconductors, which are crucial components in electronic devices such as OLED displays and solar panels. Additionally, 9-Vinylcarbazole has found applications in the production of photoresists used in the semiconductor industry for photolithography processes. Its versatility and importance in modern technology make 9-Vinylcarbazole a significant compound with far-reaching implications for everyday life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
9-Vinylcarbazole, also known as 9-ethyl-9H-carbazole, is a compound with various commercial and industrial applications. This compound is widely used as a monomer in the production of polymers, such as poly(vinylcarbazole), which is utilized as a hole-transporting material in organic light-emitting diodes. Additionally, 9-vinylcarbazole is employed as a photoresist material in photolithography processes for the production of microelectronic devices.
In terms of drug and medication applications, 9-vinylcarbazole has been investigated for its potential therapeutic properties. Studies have shown that this compound possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising candidate for the development of drugs targeting conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, 9-vinylcarbazole has shown potential as a drug delivery agent due to its ability to form stable complexes with various drugs, allowing for controlled release within the body.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
9-Vinylcarbazole is a colorless to pale yellow solid compound with no discernible odor. It is commonly used in the field of organic chemistry for various reactions and synthesis processes.
With a molar mass of 247.32 g/mol and a density of 1.106 g/cm³, 9-Vinylcarbazole falls within the range of molar mass and density of common food items such as sugar and salt.
9-Vinylcarbazole has a melting point of 172-174°C and a boiling point of 144-148°C. These values are significantly higher than those of common food items like butter and chocolate.
This compound is sparingly soluble in water and exhibits a moderate viscosity. In comparison to common food items, 9-Vinylcarbazole’s solubility in water is lower than that of salt or sugar, while its viscosity is higher than that of water but lower than that of honey.
🏭 Production & Procurement
9-Vinylcarbazole is typically produced through the palladium-catalyzed Heck coupling reaction between vinyl iodide and carbazole. This reaction yields 9-vinylcarbazole as the main product along with small amounts of other side products. The reaction conditions, such as temperature, catalyst concentration, and reaction time, must be carefully controlled to achieve high yields of the desired product.
9-Vinylcarbazole can be procured from various chemical suppliers or manufacturers who specialize in the production of organic chemicals. It is commonly available in both small quantities for research purposes and bulk quantities for industrial applications. The compound is typically transported in sealed containers or drums to prevent exposure to air or moisture, which can degrade its quality.
When procuring 9-Vinylcarbazole, it is essential to ensure that the supplier follows proper safety and quality control measures in its production and handling. This includes verifying the purity and stability of the compound, as well as checking for any potential impurities or contaminants. It is also crucial to store and transport the compound in accordance with safety guidelines to prevent any accidents or incidents during handling and usage.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 9-Vinylcarbazole include the need to handle the compound with care as it is known to be an irritant to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat, should be worn when working with this chemical. In addition, 9-Vinylcarbazole should only be used in a well-ventilated area to minimize the risk of inhalation.
Hazard statements for 9-Vinylcarbazole indicate that the compound may cause skin irritation and serious eye damage. It is also noted that prolonged or repeated exposure may cause respiratory irritation. Furthermore, 9-Vinylcarbazole is classified as a category 2 carcinogen, meaning it may cause cancer with prolonged exposure.
Precautionary statements for 9-Vinylcarbazole include the recommendation to wear protective gloves and eye protection when handling the chemical. Additionally, it is advised to avoid breathing in dust, fume, gas, mist, vapors, or spray generated from the substance. It is also important to keep 9-Vinylcarbazole away from heat, sparks, open flames, and hot surfaces to prevent the risk of fire or explosion.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Research on 9-Vinylcarbazole could focus on exploring its potential applications in optoelectronic devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs), due to its promising optoelectronic properties. Investigations into the synthesis of novel derivatives of 9-Vinylcarbazole could contribute to the development of new materials with improved performance in these applications.
Further research on the photophysical properties of 9-Vinylcarbazole and its derivatives could provide valuable insights into their potential as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) or as photoactive materials in photodynamic therapy. Studying the charge transport behavior of 9-Vinylcarbazole-based materials may also offer opportunities to enhance their performance in various electronic devices.
Exploring the reactivity of 9-Vinylcarbazole towards different electrophiles or nucleophiles could lead to the discovery of new synthetic routes for the preparation of functionalized derivatives with tailored properties. Investigating the thermal stability and degradation pathways of 9-Vinylcarbazole under various conditions could provide crucial information for the design of stable materials for practical applications in the field of organic electronics.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 9-Vinylcarbazole based upon molecular structure is 9-Ethylcarbazole. In this compound, the vinyl group of 9-Vinylcarbazole is replaced with an ethyl group, resulting in a similar molecular structure. This substitution maintains the general structure of the carbazole moiety while introducing a different alkyl group, which may affect the compound’s chemical properties.
Another similar compound is 9-Propylcarbazole, where the vinyl group of 9-Vinylcarbazole is replaced with a propyl group. This substitution also maintains the carbazole core structure while altering the substituent attached to it. The introduction of a propyl group may lead to differences in the compound’s reactivity or stability compared to 9-Vinylcarbazole.
Additionally, 9-Butylcarbazole is another similar compound with a molecular structure closely related to 9-Vinylcarbazole. In this compound, the vinyl group is replaced with a butyl group, changing the alkyl substituent on the carbazole core. The presence of different alkyl groups in these compounds may impact their physical and chemical properties, such as solubility, melting point, or reaction pathways.
