9-Hexadecenoic acid, also known as palmitoleic acid, is a monounsaturated omega-7 fatty acid that is found in various plant and animal sources. This compound has been shown to have several health benefits, including anti-inflammatory properties, potential cardiovascular benefits, and potential anti-aging effects. In everyday life, 9-Hexadecenoic acid is relevant as a dietary supplement or ingredient in skincare products, highlighting its potential impact on overall health and well-being.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
9-Hexadecenoic acid, commonly known as palmitoleic acid, is a monounsaturated omega-7 fatty acid that has several commercial and industrial applications. It is used in the production of cosmetics, such as skin creams and lotions, due to its moisturizing properties. Additionally, palmitoleic acid is utilized in the manufacturing of soaps, detergents, and lubricants because of its ability to improve the viscosity and stability of these products.
In the field of drug and medication applications, 9-Hexadecenoic acid has shown promising potential as a therapeutic agent. Research has indicated that palmitoleic acid may have anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for treating conditions such as arthritis and inflammatory skin disorders. Furthermore, studies have suggested that this fatty acid could play a role in regulating metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity, which may have implications for the treatment of diabetes and other metabolic disorders.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
9-Hexadecenoic acid, also known as palmitoleic acid, appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic odor. It is commonly found in various vegetable oils such as macadamia, sea buckthorn, and avocado oil.
With a molar mass of approximately 256.42 g/mol and a density of around 0.833 g/cm^3, 9-Hexadecenoic acid is lighter than common food items like olive oil and butter in terms of molar mass but has a similar density.
9-Hexadecenoic acid has a melting point of around -3.5°C and a boiling point of approximately 220°C. Compared to common food items like coconut oil and cocoa butter, it has a lower melting point but a higher boiling point.
9-Hexadecenoic acid is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. It exhibits low viscosity compared to common food items like honey and corn syrup, which are much more viscous in nature.
🏭 Production & Procurement
9-Hexadecenoic acid, also known as palmitoleic acid, is typically produced through the process of hydrolysis of fats or oils containing this specific fatty acid. This can involve the use of chemical or enzymatic methods to break down triglycerides into their individual components, one of which is 9-Hexadecenoic acid.
The procurement of 9-Hexadecenoic acid can be achieved by extracting it from natural sources such as macadamia nuts, sea buckthorn berries, or animal fats. These sources contain varying amounts of palmitoleic acid, which can then be isolated through processes such as solvent extraction or distillation. Once obtained, the 9-Hexadecenoic acid can be purified and transported in liquid form using appropriate containers and methods to maintain its stability and quality.
After the production and procurement of 9-Hexadecenoic acid, it can be further processed into various products for use in industries such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. These products may include skincare formulations, dietary supplements, or flavoring agents. The transportation of these finished products containing 9-Hexadecenoic acid requires adherence to regulations regarding labeling, packaging, and handling to ensure quality and safety for consumers.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 9-Hexadecenoic acid, also known as palmitoleic acid, primarily revolve around its potential for skin and eye irritation upon contact. It is recommended to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, when handling this substance to prevent any potential adverse effects. Additionally, proper ventilation should be ensured to minimize the risk of inhalation of vapors or aerosols.
Hazard statements for 9-Hexadecenoic acid include its potential to cause skin and eye irritation, as well as respiratory irritation if inhaled. It is also classified as harmful if swallowed, with the possibility of causing damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. This substance should be handled with care and precautions to avoid any potential health risks associated with its use.
Precautionary statements for 9-Hexadecenoic acid include the need to wear protective gloves and eye/face protection when handling this substance. It is important to ensure adequate ventilation in the working area to minimize exposure to vapors or aerosols. In case of skin irritation or rash, it is recommended to wash the affected area with soap and water and seek medical attention if symptoms persist. Additionally, this substance should be stored in a cool, dry place away from heat sources and incompatible materials to prevent any potential hazards.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 9-Hexadecenoic acid is its role in inflammation and immune responses. Studies could investigate how this fatty acid interacts with immune cells and contributes to the modulation of inflammatory pathways.
Another interesting avenue of research could be examining the potential therapeutic applications of 9-Hexadecenoic acid in various disease states. Researchers could explore its effects on conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer, to determine if it may have beneficial effects in these contexts.
Additionally, research could focus on the biochemical pathways involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of 9-Hexadecenoic acid. Understanding how this fatty acid is produced and utilized by cells could provide insight into its physiological functions and potential roles in disease processes.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 9-Hexadecenoic acid is 9-Octadecenoic acid, also known as oleic acid. It is a monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid commonly found in various animal and vegetable fats. Like 9-Hexadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid has a double bond located at the 9th carbon atom counting from the carboxylic acid end.
Another compound with a similar structure to 9-Hexadecenoic acid is 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, also known as linoleic acid. This polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid contains two double bonds (at positions 9 and 12) and is essential for human health, as it cannot be synthesized by the body. Linoleic acid can be found in various vegetable oils and is important for maintaining healthy skin, hair, and overall cell function.
One additional compound structurally similar to 9-Hexadecenoic acid is 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, more commonly known as alpha-linolenic acid. This polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid contains three double bonds, located at positions 9, 12, and 15. Found in various plant oils such as flaxseed and walnuts, alpha-linolenic acid is a precursor to longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA, which are important for brain function and overall inflammatory balance in the body.
