9-Chlorophenanthrene is a chemical compound that is relevant to everyday life due to its potential impact on human health and the environment. This compound is classified as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and is known to be a byproduct of various industrial processes, including the burning of fossil fuels and the production of certain chemicals. Exposure to 9-Chlorophenanthrene has been linked to adverse health effects, including respiratory issues and potential carcinogenicity. Additionally, this compound can persist in the environment for long periods of time, leading to potential contamination of air, soil, and water sources. As such, the study and regulation of 9-Chlorophenanthrene are important considerations in efforts to protect public health and the environment.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
9-Chlorophenanthrene, a derivative of phenanthrene, finds applications in various commercial and industrial settings. This compound is commonly used as a chemical intermediate in the production of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. Its unique structure and versatile properties make it valuable in the synthesis of organic compounds for use in diverse industries.
In the realm of drug and medication applications, 9-Chlorophenanthrene plays a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry. Its ability to undergo various chemical reactions makes it a valuable building block for the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs. Researchers utilize this compound to develop new medications with tailored properties for specific therapeutic purposes.
Furthermore, 9-Chlorophenanthrene’s chemical structure lends itself well to medicinal chemistry applications. Pharmaceutical scientists leverage its reactivity and functional groups to design molecules with desired pharmacological activities. By incorporating 9-Chlorophenanthrene into drug development processes, researchers can explore new avenues for creating innovative medications with improved efficacy and safety profiles.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
9-Chlorophenanthrene is a white crystalline solid with no distinct odor.
With a molar mass of 210.67 g/mol and a density of 1.32 g/cm^3, 9-Chlorophenanthrene is heavier than common food items like sugar (molar mass of 342.30 g/mol, density of 1.59 g/cm^3).
9-Chlorophenanthrene has a melting point of 72-74°C and a boiling point of 388-390°C, which are higher than those of common food items like butter (melting point of 32-35°C, boiling point of 150-300°C).
9-Chlorophenanthrene is sparingly soluble in water and exhibits moderate viscosity. This contrasts with common food items like salt, which is highly soluble in water, and water itself, which has a lower viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
9-Chlorophenanthrene is typically produced through a halogenation reaction involving phenanthrene and a chlorine source. This reaction is commonly carried out under controlled conditions in the presence of a suitable catalyst to ensure high yields and purity of the final product.
Once 9-Chlorophenanthrene is synthesized, it can be procured from various chemical suppliers or manufacturers specializing in the production of aromatics and specialty chemicals. The compound is often available in both bulk quantities for industrial applications and smaller quantities for research and development purposes.
Transportation of 9-Chlorophenanthrene generally involves the use of specialized chemical containers or drums to ensure safe handling and prevent contamination. Depending on the quantity and destination, the compound may be shipped via road, rail, sea, or air transport to reach its final destination. It is imperative to adhere to strict regulations and guidelines for the transport of hazardous chemicals to minimize risks and ensure compliance with safety standards.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 9-Chlorophenanthrene involve handling the compound in a well-ventilated area, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves and goggles, and avoiding skin contact or inhalation of its vapors. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry place away from heat sources and incompatible substances. In case of accidental exposure, immediate medical attention should be sought, and relevant safety data sheets consulted for proper handling procedures.
Hazard statements for 9-Chlorophenanthrene include “causes skin irritation,” “may cause respiratory irritation,” and “suspected of causing cancer.” These statements emphasize the potential health risks associated with exposure to the compound, highlighting the importance of taking necessary precautions to minimize the likelihood of adverse effects. It is essential to handle 9-Chlorophenanthrene with care and adhere to safety guidelines to prevent any harm to individuals or the environment.
Precautionary statements for 9-Chlorophenanthrene recommend wearing protective gloves and eye/face protection, avoiding breathing its vapors, and washing contaminated clothing before reuse. Additionally, it is advised to keep the compound away from heat/sparks/open flames and store it in a well-ventilated area. In case of skin irritation or respiratory discomfort, immediate medical attention is required. Following these precautionary measures is crucial to ensure the safe handling and use of 9-Chlorophenanthrene to protect human health and the environment.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 9-Chlorophenanthrene may involve investigating its environmental fate, including its persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential ecological effects. Understanding the behavior of this compound in various environmental compartments can provide valuable information for risk assessment and environmental management strategies.
Another possible research direction could focus on the synthesis and characterization of novel derivatives of 9-Chlorophenanthrene with modified chemical structures. By exploring the reactivity of this compound and developing new derivatives, researchers can potentially discover compounds with unique properties and applications in fields such as pharmaceuticals, materials science, and chemical synthesis.
Additionally, studies may be conducted to investigate the toxicological effects of 9-Chlorophenanthrene on human health and the environment. This research can provide valuable insights into the potential hazards associated with exposure to this compound, helping to inform regulatory decisions and risk assessment practices.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 9-Chlorophenanthrene is 9-Bromophenanthrene. This compound is structurally analogous to 9-Chlorophenanthrene but with a bromine atom instead of a chlorine atom attached to the ninth carbon atom of the phenanthrene structure. This substitution results in similar chemical reactivity and physical properties to 9-Chlorophenanthrene.
Another related compound is 9-Iodophenanthrene. Like 9-Bromophenanthrene, this compound differs from 9-Chlorophenanthrene by having an iodine atom in place of the chlorine atom at the ninth carbon position. The presence of iodine in the molecule imparts distinct chemical and physical characteristics to this compound compared to 9-Chlorophenanthrene.
Additionally, 9-Fluorophenanthrene is another compound similar to 9-Chlorophenanthrene. Instead of a chlorine atom, a fluorine atom is attached to the ninth carbon atom of the phenanthrene structure in this compound. The substitution of fluorine for chlorine results in different electronic properties and reactivity patterns in comparison to 9-Chlorophenanthrene.
