4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) is a chemical compound commonly used as an antioxidant in various industrial processes, such as the production of plastics, rubbers, and fuel additives. Despite its technical nature, this compound plays a crucial role in our everyday lives by extending the shelf life of products we use and consume on a regular basis. By preventing the degradation of materials from environmental factors like heat and oxidation, 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) helps ensure the quality and longevity of countless items we rely on in our modern world.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol), commonly known as antioxidant TBHQ, has various commercial and industrial applications. This compound is primarily used as a food additive to extend the shelf life of edible oils and fats. TBHQ is also utilized in the production of perfumes, varnishes, and resins due to its antioxidant properties which help prevent oxidation and degradation.
In terms of drug and medication applications, 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) has shown potential as a therapeutic agent. Studies have suggested that TBHQ may have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, making it a promising candidate for the development of pharmaceutical drugs. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and potential side effects of using TBHQ for medicinal purposes.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) is a white crystalline solid with no distinctive odor. It is commonly used as an antioxidant in various industries due to its ability to inhibit oxidation.
The molar mass of 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) is 358.51 g/mol, and its density is approximately 1.08 g/cm3. Compared to common food items like sugar and salt, it has a higher molar mass but a lower density.
The compound has a melting point of 180-182°C and a boiling point of approximately 160°C at 760 mmHg. In comparison to common food items like butter and chocolate, it has a much higher melting point and a lower boiling point.
4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) is sparingly soluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents. It has a low viscosity, making it easy to handle and incorporate into various products. In contrast, food items like sugar and salt are highly soluble in water and have varying viscosities.
🏭 Production & Procurement
4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) is typically produced through a series of chemical reactions involving the condensation of 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol with sulfur as the key step. This process yields the final product, which is a white to light yellow crystalline solid with a molecular formula of C22H30O2S.
In terms of procurement and transportation, 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) can be obtained from chemical suppliers who specialize in antioxidants and related compounds. It is typically shipped in sealed containers to prevent exposure to moisture or air, which could degrade the compound. Due to its stability, it can be transported via standard shipping methods without special precautions.
Users of 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) should take care to store it in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to maintain its quality and effectiveness. Proper labeling and handling procedures should be followed to ensure safe usage of the compound. Additionally, it is recommended to consult the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for detailed information on handling and storage requirements.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) include the need to handle the compound with care to avoid skin and eye contact. It is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when working with this chemical. Additionally, proper ventilation should be in place to prevent inhalation of vapors.
Hazard statements for 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) indicate that the compound may be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. It may cause skin and eye irritation, and could potentially cause respiratory irritation. This chemical is also harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.
Precautionary statements for 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) include avoiding release into the environment and wearing protective gloves and eye protection when handling the compound. It is important to wash hands thoroughly after handling and to store the chemical in a well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials. In case of skin irritation or rash, seek medical advice immediately.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) is the investigation of its antioxidant properties. Studies could explore its ability to inhibit oxidation in various systems, and compare its efficacy to other known antioxidants.
Another area of interest could be the potential applications of 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) in the field of polymer stabilization. Research could focus on its ability to prevent degradation in polymers exposed to heat, light, or other environmental stressors.
Furthermore, there is potential for research on the toxicity and environmental impact of 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol). Studies could investigate its bioaccumulation potential, persistence in the environment, and effects on various organisms in different ecosystems.
Finally, research could also delve into the synthesis and modification of 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) to improve its properties or develop new derivatives with enhanced functionality. Studies could explore different reaction conditions, catalysts, or starting materials to optimize the synthesis process.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) based upon molecular structure is 2,2′-Methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol). This compound consists of a central methylene group connecting two units of 6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol. The structural similarity lies in the central bridging group connecting the two phenol units.
Another similar compound is Bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, which bears resemblance to 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) in its aromatic structure. This compound consists of two units of 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl groups linked by a sebacate moiety. The presence of multiple aromatic rings in both compounds contributes to their structural similarity.
Additionally, Bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite is another compound akin to 4,4′-Thiobis(2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol) in its structural composition. This compound features two units of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl groups connected by a pentaerythritol diphosphite moiety. The presence of bulky substituents on the aromatic rings is a common characteristic shared by both compounds.
