4,4′-Azoxyanisole is a chemical compound that possesses characteristic liquid crystal properties, making it a key component in the production of liquid crystal displays (LCDs). LCD technology is ubiquitous in modern society, found in a myriad of devices such as smartphones, televisions, computer monitors, and digital clocks. The use of 4,4′-Azoxyanisole in LCD manufacturing highlights its importance in enabling the visual display capabilities of such consumer electronics, thereby underscoring its relevance to everyday life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
4,4′-Azoxyanisole, commonly known as Azoxyanisole, finds its commercial and industrial applications in the field of polymer chemistry. It is utilized as a polymerization initiator in the production of various polymers, including poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene. Its ability to readily decompose into free radicals under mild conditions makes it a valuable compound in polymerization processes.
In terms of drug and medication applications, 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is less commonly utilized. However, it has been studied for its potential as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment. This involves using light to activate the compound, which then produces reactive oxygen species that can selectively target cancer cells. Further research is needed to explore its efficacy and safety in clinical settings.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
4,4′-Azoxyanisole appears as a white to light yellow crystal powder with a mild, aromatic odor. It is a solid at room temperature and is insoluble in water.
With a molar mass of 284.32 g/mol and a density of 1.14 g/cm³, 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is heavier and denser than common food items like sugar (molar mass: 342.30 g/mol, density: 1.59 g/cm³) and salt (molar mass: 58.44 g/mol, density: 2.165 g/cm³).
The melting point of 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is approximately 155-158°C, while its boiling point is around 350-355°C. This is significantly higher compared to the melting point of common food items like butter (melting point: 32-35°C) and sugar (melting point: 186°C), and boiling point of water (100°C).
4,4′-Azoxyanisole is insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents like chloroform and acetone. It exhibits low viscosity, making it easier to handle compared to common food items like honey, which has high viscosity and is highly soluble in water.
🏭 Production & Procurement
4,4′-Azoxyanisole is typically produced through a reaction between aniline and sodium nitrite. This reaction results in the formation of diazonium salt, which is then coupled with anisole to yield 4,4′-Azoxyanisole. This process requires precise control of temperature and pH to ensure a high yield of the desired product.
In terms of procurement, 4,4′-Azoxyanisole can be obtained from chemical suppliers that specialize in specialty chemicals and intermediates. These suppliers typically offer the compound in various purities and quantities to meet the specific requirements of the buyer. The compound can be transported in solid form, usually packaged in sealed containers to prevent contamination or degradation during transit.
When transporting 4,4′-Azoxyanisole, it is essential to follow all regulations and guidelines set forth by the relevant authorities to ensure safe and compliant handling. Due to its potential hazards, the compound may be classified as a hazardous material and require special precautions during transportation. It is advisable to work with experienced carriers who are knowledgeable about handling chemical substances to prevent any accidents or incidents during transit.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 4,4′-Azoxyanisole must be taken seriously due to its hazardous properties. This compound is classified as a flammable solid and may ignite if exposed to heat, sparks, or open flames. It is also considered harmful if ingested, inhaled, or in contact with the skin, causing irritation and potential health risks.
When handling 4,4′-Azoxyanisole, it is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat to minimize exposure to the compound. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition and incompatible substances. In case of spills or leaks, it is recommended to contain the material and clean it up following proper protocols to prevent environmental contamination and harm.
The hazard statements for 4,4′-Azoxyanisole include “Causes skin irritation,” “Causes serious eye irritation,” “May cause respiratory irritation,” and “May cause an allergic skin reaction.” These statements highlight the potential risks associated with exposure to this compound and emphasize the importance of taking precautions when handling it. It is crucial to follow proper safety procedures to avoid adverse health effects.
Precautionary statements for 4,4′-Azoxyanisole advise individuals to wear protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection when handling the compound. It is recommended to avoid breathing in dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray of the substance and to wash thoroughly after handling. Additionally, it is important to keep the compound away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces and to store it in a well-ventilated place. Following these precautionary measures can help minimize the risks associated with 4,4′-Azoxyanisole and ensure safe handling practices.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is the study of its physical properties, such as its phase transitions and crystal structures. Understanding these properties can provide insights into its behavior under different conditions.
Another research direction could focus on the synthesis and characterization of new derivatives of 4,4′-Azoxyanisole with altered functional groups. These derivatives could potentially exhibit different properties and behaviors, leading to novel applications in materials science or biomedical research.
Furthermore, investigating the thermal stability and decomposition pathways of 4,4′-Azoxyanisole could be a valuable research direction. Understanding how this compound degrades at high temperatures can be crucial for applications in fields like polymer science or chemical engineering.
Lastly, exploring the potential applications of 4,4′-Azoxyanisole as a liquid crystal material or a photoresponsive compound could open up new research avenues. Utilizing its unique properties in these areas could lead to advancements in display technologies, sensors, or optoelectronic devices.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is 4,4′-Azoxybis(4-chloroaniline). This compound has a similar molecular structure, with an azoxy group connecting two 4-chloroaniline molecules. It is commonly used in the synthesis of azo dyes due to its azo functionality.
Another compound with a structure similar to 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is 4,4′-Azoxydiisobutyronitrile. This compound also contains an azoxy group bridging two isobutyronitrile molecules. It is known for its use as a radical initiator in various polymerization reactions.
One more compound related to 4,4′-Azoxyanisole is 4,4′-Azoxydianiline, which consists of two aniline molecules connected by an azoxy group. This compound is utilized in the production of aromatic polyimides and other high-performance polymers. Its molecular structure allows for efficient cross-linking and curing processes in polymer synthesis.
