4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is a compound that is commonly used in the production of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. Its relevance to everyday life lies in its role in the manufacturing of various consumer products that we encounter on a regular basis, such as clothing, cosmetics, and medications. Additionally, 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is utilized in many chemical processes and research activities, contributing to advancements in multiple industries. Its significance in these applications underscores its importance in everyday life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is commonly utilized in various commercial and industrial applications. It is primarily used in the production of dyes, pigments, and chemicals. Its ability to act as a strong acid makes it a valuable component in the synthesis of organic compounds.
In the field of drug and medication applications, 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid plays a vital role as a reagent in pharmaceutical research and development. Its properties make it useful in the synthesis of certain drugs and medications. Additionally, it is utilized in the manufacturing of various pharmaceutical products.
Overall, the commercial and industrial applications of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid are diverse and essential. Its versatility in chemical synthesis and its role in drug development highlight its significance in various industries. Researchers and manufacturers continue to explore new uses for this compound in different fields to harness its potential benefits.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is a solid compound that appears as a white to light yellow powder. It does not have a distinctive odor.
The molar mass of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is approximately 231.18 g/mol, and its density is about 1.68 g/cm³. In comparison, common food items such as sugar and salt have lower molar masses and densities.
4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid has a melting point of around 145-148°C and a boiling point of approximately 338-340°C. These values are higher than those of common food items like butter and chocolate.
This compound is highly soluble in water and has a low viscosity. In contrast, common food items such as flour and cornstarch may exhibit lower solubility in water and higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is typically produced through the nitration of benzene followed by sulfonation. The nitration process involves the reaction of benzene with nitric acid and sulfuric acid to form nitrobenzene. The subsequent sulfonation step involves reacting nitrobenzene with sulfuric acid to yield 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid.
Once produced, 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid can be procured from chemical suppliers in the form of a crystalline solid. This compound is often packaged in sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption and degradation. Transportation of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid should be carried out in compliance with regulations governing the handling of hazardous materials to ensure safety.
When procuring 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, it is essential to consider the chemical’s compatibility with storage containers and transportation vessels. Materials such as glass, stainless steel, or certain plastics may be suitable for storing and transporting this compound. Proper labeling and documentation of the chemical’s properties are also crucial for safe handling and compliance with regulations.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid should be taken seriously due to its potential hazards. This compound is corrosive and can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract upon contact. It is also harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Proper personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat should be worn when handling this compound. Additionally, it should only be used in a well-ventilated area to prevent exposure to its toxic fumes.
The hazard statements for 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid include “Causes severe skin burns and eye damage,” “Toxic if swallowed,” “Toxic if inhaled,” and “May cause respiratory irritation.” These statements highlight the potential dangers of this compound and emphasize the importance of following proper safety protocols when working with it. It is essential to handle 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid with care to avoid any harmful effects on health.
Precautionary statements for 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid include “Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection,” “IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting,” and “IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.” These statements outline specific precautions that should be taken to minimize the risks associated with this compound. It is crucial to follow these guidelines to ensure the safe handling of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid and prevent any accidents or injuries.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is its use as a catalyst in various chemical reactions, such as esterification or nitration processes. Researchers may explore the catalytic activity of this compound and investigate its efficacy in promoting specific transformations.
Another research avenue involves exploring the potential applications of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid in the fields of pharmaceuticals or material science. Scientists could investigate the compound’s reactivity with different substrates and assess its potential for the synthesis of new drugs or functional materials.
Furthermore, researchers may investigate the environmental impact of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid and its degradation pathways in the environment. Studies could focus on understanding the compound’s fate in natural systems and developing strategies for its remediation or detoxification.
Additionally, studies on the toxicological effects of 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid on human health and the environment could be conducted. Research could involve assessing the compound’s potential hazards, exposure routes, and developing safety guidelines for its handling and disposal.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid based upon molecular structure is 4-Nitrobenzoic acid. This compound also features a nitro group (-NO2) attached to the benzene ring, albeit in a carboxylic acid functional group instead of a sulfonic acid group. The presence of the nitro group gives 4-Nitrobenzoic acid similar chemical properties to 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, such as acidity and reactivity.
Another compound with a similar molecular structure to 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is 4-Nitrobenzenediazonium chloride. This compound also contains a nitro group attached to a benzene ring, but in this case, it is part of a diazonium group (-N2Cl). 4-Nitrobenzenediazonium chloride is commonly used in organic synthesis reactions, much like 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, due to its ability to undergo substitution reactions.
One more compound that shares a structural similarity with 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde. This compound contains a nitro group attached to a benzene ring, but in this case, it is part of an aldehyde functional group. 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde is known for its distinctive odor and is often used as a precursor in the synthesis of various organic compounds. Like 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde exhibits reactivity due to the presence of the nitro group.
