4-Hydroxypyridine is a chemical compound that plays a significant role in various industrial and pharmaceutical applications. It is commonly used as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. In everyday life, 4-Hydroxypyridine is not directly encountered by most individuals, but its presence in the production of essential products highlights its importance in driving innovation and advancement in various sectors.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
4-Hydroxypyridine, also known as 4-pyridinol, is commonly utilized in various commercial and industrial applications. One such application is as a precursor in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and herbicides. Its ability to act as a building block in the creation of these products makes it an essential chemical in the manufacturing processes of these industries.
Furthermore, 4-Hydroxypyridine is used as a corrosion inhibitor in the metalworking industry. Its properties allow for the formation of a protective barrier on metal surfaces, preventing rust and degradation over time. This application is crucial in ensuring the longevity and quality of metal products in various industrial settings.
In the realm of drug and medication applications, 4-Hydroxypyridine is primarily utilized in the synthesis of antihistamine and anti-inflammatory medications. Its pharmacological properties make it a key component in the creation of drugs that target these specific conditions. Additionally, 4-Hydroxypyridine has shown promise in the development of potential treatments for neurodegenerative disorders due to its ability to interact with neuronal receptors in the brain.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
4-Hydroxypyridine, also known as 4-Pyridinol, appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic odor. It is commonly used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
The molar mass of 4-Hydroxypyridine is approximately 94.11 g/mol, and its density is around 1.164 g/cm³. Compared to common food items, such as sugar (molar mass: 342.3 g/mol, density: 1.59 g/cm³) and salt (molar mass: 58.44 g/mol, density: 2.16 g/cm³), 4-Hydroxypyridine has a lower molar mass and density.
4-Hydroxypyridine has a melting point of -4°C and a boiling point of 245°C. In comparison, common food items like butter (melting point: 32-35°C, boiling point: 100°C) and olive oil (melting point: -6 to -3°C, boiling point: 225-240°C) have different melting and boiling points than 4-Hydroxypyridine.
4-Hydroxypyridine is soluble in water and exhibits low viscosity. In contrast, common food items like sugar and salt are also soluble in water, but they have higher viscosity. This difference in solubility and viscosity can be attributed to the chemical structure and composition of 4-Hydroxypyridine compared to typical food items.
🏭 Production & Procurement
4-Hydroxypyridine, a chemical compound commonly used in pharmaceuticals and agricultural products, is primarily produced through a multi-step synthetic process. The synthesis typically involves the reaction of pyridine with an appropriate oxidizing agent to convert it into 4-Hydroxypyridine. This process requires careful control of reaction conditions and yields high purity 4-Hydroxypyridine suitable for various applications.
Procurement of 4-Hydroxypyridine is typically carried out through chemical manufacturers or distributors who specialize in producing specialty chemicals. The compound is commonly available in powder or liquid form, and can be purchased in varying quantities depending on the specific needs of the buyer. Transportation of 4-Hydroxypyridine is usually done using standard chemical shipping methods to ensure safe and efficient delivery to the customer.
Once procured, 4-Hydroxypyridine is commonly stored in airtight containers away from heat and light to prevent degradation. Proper labeling and handling procedures should be followed to ensure safety and compliance with regulatory requirements. Additionally, proper documentation of the compound’s origin and specifications should be maintained for quality control and traceability purposes.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 4-Hydroxypyridine should be taken seriously due to its potential hazards. The chemical is flammable and may ignite if exposed to heat or flames. It is also harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or comes into contact with skin and eyes. Proper personal protective equipment should be worn when handling 4-Hydroxypyridine, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat.
Hazard statements for 4-Hydroxypyridine include: “Causes serious eye irritation,” “May cause respiratory irritation,” and “Harmful if swallowed.” These statements indicate the potential dangers associated with exposure to the chemical. It is crucial to follow proper safety protocols when working with 4-Hydroxypyridine to minimize the risk of harm.
Precautionary statements for 4-Hydroxypyridine include: “Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray,” “Wash hands thoroughly after handling,” and “Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.” These statements outline the necessary precautions that should be taken to prevent exposure to 4-Hydroxypyridine. It is essential to follow these guidelines to ensure the safety of individuals handling the chemical.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Potential research directions for 4-Hydroxypyridine include investigating its potential as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Studies may focus on the compound’s ability to modulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal function in these conditions.
Furthermore, research could explore the role of 4-Hydroxypyridine in cancer prevention and treatment, given its reported antioxidant properties. This could involve studying its effects on tumor growth, metastasis, and apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. Understanding its mechanisms of action could provide valuable insights for developing novel anti-cancer therapies.
Additionally, investigations into the potential applications of 4-Hydroxypyridine in the field of drug discovery and development are warranted. This may involve screening its analogs or derivatives for enhanced bioactivity or improved pharmacokinetic properties. Such research could lead to the identification of new lead compounds for various therapeutic purposes.
Moreover, studies on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 4-Hydroxypyridine could provide valuable information for optimizing its dosing regimens and assessing its safety profile. Understanding how the compound is metabolized and excreted in vivo could help guide clinical trials and ensure its efficacy and safety in humans.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 4-Hydroxypyridine based upon molecular structure is 3-Hydroxypyridine. This compound shares a similar molecular structure with 4-Hydroxypyridine, but differs in the position of the hydroxyl group on the pyridine ring. The substitution at the 3-position of the pyridine ring results in distinct chemical properties compared to 4-Hydroxypyridine.
Another analogous compound to 4-Hydroxypyridine is 2-Hydroxypyridine. Similar to 3-Hydroxypyridine, this compound differs in the position of the hydroxyl group on the pyridine ring as compared to 4-Hydroxypyridine. The substitution at the 2-position of the pyridine ring imparts unique chemical reactivity and potential applications to 2-Hydroxypyridine.
In addition to 3-Hydroxypyridine and 2-Hydroxypyridine, 5-Hydroxypyridine is another compound with a molecular structure akin to 4-Hydroxypyridine. The position of the hydroxyl group at the 5-position of the pyridine ring distinguishes 5-Hydroxypyridine from its counterparts. This variation in substitution affects the chemical properties and potential uses of 5-Hydroxypyridine compared to 4-Hydroxypyridine.
