4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, is a compound with significant relevance to everyday life. This chemical is commonly used in the production of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. Its properties allow for the creation of vibrant colorants for textiles, plastics, and other consumer products. Additionally, 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is utilized in the synthesis of various drugs and medications that are essential for treating a wide range of medical conditions. Overall, the compound plays a crucial role in various industries and is instrumental in enhancing the quality and functionality of numerous everyday products.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, also known as 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonate, is a compound commonly used in various commercial and industrial applications. It is primarily utilized as a precursor in the synthesis of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals due to its unique chemical properties. Additionally, it is used in the manufacturing of antiseptics, disinfectants, and photographic chemicals.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is utilized for its potential medicinal properties. It is often employed in the synthesis of drugs and medications such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and analgesics. Its ability to interact with biological systems makes it a valuable component in the development of various pharmaceutical products.
Moreover, 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is also used in the production of hair colorants, food color additives, and skincare products. Its role in the cosmetic industry lies in its ability to impart color and provide antioxidant properties. Additionally, it is utilized in the formulation of perfumes, soaps, and other personal care items due to its stability and compatibility with various ingredients.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid appears as white crystalline solids with no discernible odor.
The molar mass of 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is approximately 202.2 g/mol, and its density is around 1.48 g/cm³. This places it in the same range as common food items such as table salt and sugar in terms of molar mass and density.
The melting point of 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is around 195-197°C, while the boiling point is approximately 360°C. These values are higher compared to common food items like butter and chocolate in terms of melting point and boiling point.
4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is highly soluble in water and has a low viscosity. This contrasts with common food items like olive oil and honey, which have lower solubility in water and higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is typically produced through the sulfonation of hydroquinone, which involves treating hydroquinone with concentrated sulfuric acid at elevated temperatures. This process results in the replacement of one of the hydroxyl groups on the hydroquinone molecule with a sulfonic acid group, forming 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid.
After production, 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid can be procured from chemical suppliers who specialize in the distribution of specialty chemicals. It is commonly available in both liquid and powder form, depending on the intended application. Once procured, the compound can be transported in sealed containers to ensure its stability and prevent contamination during transit.
Transportation of 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is typically done in compliance with regulations governing the handling of hazardous chemicals. Proper labeling and packaging are essential to prevent any spills or leaks during transportation. Additionally, specialized storage containers may be required to ensure the chemical remains stable and does not react with other substances.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, must be taken into account due to its potential hazards. This compound is a corrosive substance that can cause severe skin and eye irritation upon contact. Adequate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling this chemical to prevent skin and eye exposure. Furthermore, proper ventilation should be ensured to avoid inhalation of vapors, as respiratory irritation can occur.
The hazard statements for 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid include “Causes skin and eye irritation” and “May cause respiratory irritation.” These statements highlight the potential dangers associated with exposure to this chemical. It is crucial to handle this compound with caution and follow all safety protocols to minimize the risk of adverse effects on health.
Precautionary statements for 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid recommend wearing suitable protective clothing, gloves, and eye/face protection when handling this compound. Additionally, it is advised to work in a well-ventilated area and avoid breathing vapors. In case of skin contact, the affected area should be rinsed with plenty of water and immediate medical attention sought if irritation persists. It is essential to handle 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid with care and adhere to safety measures to ensure safe handling and minimize potential risks.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is its application in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Researchers may explore its potential as a building block in the creation of new drug compounds with various biological activities.
Another area of study could involve investigating the environmental impact of 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid. This may include examining its degradation pathways in soil and water systems, as well as its potential toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms.
Additionally, researchers may explore the use of 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid as a corrosion inhibitor in various industries. Studying its effectiveness in preventing metal degradation in different environments could lead to the development of new corrosion protection strategies.
Furthermore, the potential catalytic properties of 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid could be an interesting avenue for research. Investigating its ability to catalyze certain chemical reactions could provide insights into new synthetic methodologies and potential industrial applications.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid, which has a similar molecular structure but with an amino group (-NH2) instead of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the benzene ring. This compound is commonly used in the production of dyes and pigments due to its ability to impart color to various materials.
Another compound that bears resemblance to 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is Benzenesulfonic acid, which lacks the hydroxyl group but still possesses the sulfonic acid functional group (-SO3H) attached to the benzene ring. This compound is frequently utilized as a strong acid catalyst in various chemical reactions due to its acidic properties.
4-Nitrobenzenesulfonic acid is yet another compound with a structure akin to 4-Hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, except for the presence of a nitro group (-NO2) instead of a hydroxyl group. This compound is commonly employed in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals due to its versatility in organic reactions.
