4-Cyanophenol is a chemical compound that holds significance in various industries and applications in everyday life. As a precursor in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and dyes, it plays a crucial role in the development of necessary products for healthcare, agriculture, and textiles. Additionally, 4-Cyanophenol is utilized in research and development processes, contributing to advancements in various fields and ultimately impacting daily life through the creation of new technologies and products.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
4-Cyanophenol, chemically known as 4-hydroxybenzonitrile, finds various commercial and industrial applications due to its unique chemical properties. It is commonly used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. Additionally, it is utilized in the production of UV-absorbing materials, antioxidants, and other specialty chemicals.
In the realm of drug and medication applications, 4-Cyanophenol plays a significant role as a building block for the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. It is often used in the manufacturing of analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antiviral medications. Its functional groups allow for the modification of its structure to create new drug candidates with improved properties and therapeutic effects.
In pharmaceutical research and development, 4-Cyanophenol is valued for its versatility as a versatile starting material. It serves as a key component in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) for a wide range of therapeutic applications. The ability to modify its chemical structure makes it a valuable tool for creating novel drug molecules with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
4-Cyanophenol, also known as hydroxybenzonitrile, is a colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid with a slightly aromatic odor. It is commonly used in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes due to its chemical properties.
The molar mass of 4-Cyanophenol is approximately 135.13 g/mol, and its density is around 1.225 g/cm3. This places it in a similar range of molar mass and density as common food items such as sugars and small organic acids.
4-Cyanophenol has a melting point of around 70-72 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of approximately 255-257 degrees Celsius. When compared to common food items, these values are higher than most sugars and organic acids.
4-Cyanophenol is sparingly soluble in water, with a solubility of around 10-20 g/L at room temperature, and it has a relatively low viscosity. This solubility and viscosity are similar to many organic compounds found in food items, although some compounds may show higher solubility and lower viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
4-Cyanophenol, otherwise known as p-hydroxybenzonitrile, is typically produced through a chemical synthesis process. This involves the reaction of phenol with cyanogen chloride or cyanide ion in the presence of a base catalyst. The resulting product is then purified through techniques such as distillation or crystallization to obtain the pure compound.
4-Cyanophenol can be procured from chemical suppliers that specialize in providing fine chemicals for research and industrial purposes. The compound is typically available in various grades, including analytical and industrial grades, depending on the intended use. Due to its toxic nature, proper handling and transportation procedures must be followed to ensure safety and compliance with regulations.
In order to transport 4-Cyanophenol safely, it is important to package the compound in suitable containers that are resistant to its corrosive properties. Additionally, proper labeling and documentation should accompany the shipment to indicate the contents and any necessary safety precautions. Transportation of 4-Cyanophenol may be subject to regulatory requirements, such as restrictions on the quantity that can be transported or specific shipping regulations for hazardous materials.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 4-Cyanophenol involve its potential hazards when handled or used improperly. This chemical is considered harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract, as well as more severe effects such as liver and kidney damage. It is important to use proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when working with 4-Cyanophenol to minimize the risk of exposure.
Hazard statements for 4-Cyanophenol include “Causes skin irritation,” “Causes serious eye irritation,” and “Toxic if swallowed.” These statements serve to warn individuals about the potential risks associated with this chemical and emphasize the importance of handling it with care. It is crucial to follow proper safety protocols and procedures when using 4-Cyanophenol to prevent accidents and minimize the likelihood of harm.
Precautionary statements for 4-Cyanophenol include “Wear protective gloves/eye protection/face protection,” “IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician,” and “Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.” These statements provide guidance on how to safely handle and dispose of 4-Cyanophenol to protect oneself and the environment. By following these precautions, individuals can reduce the risk of accidents and ensure that this chemical is used in a responsible manner.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 4-Cyanophenol is its utilization as a building block in the synthesis of organic compounds due to its versatile reactivity and functional groups. Investigations into the optimization of synthetic methods for producing 4-Cyanophenol could lead to more efficient and sustainable processes for its preparation.
Another avenue of research could focus on the biological activities of 4-Cyanophenol, including its potential as a pharmaceutical compound or agrochemical agent. Studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of action and targets of 4-Cyanophenol could provide valuable insights into its potential applications in various fields.
Furthermore, investigations into the environmental fate and impact of 4-Cyanophenol could contribute to the understanding of its behavior in different environmental matrices and its potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Studies on the degradation pathways of 4-Cyanophenol and its byproducts in natural systems could aid in the development of remediation strategies for contaminated sites.
Lastly, research on the properties and behavior of 4-Cyanophenol in different industrial processes, such as in the production of polymers or dyes, could lead to the development of new applications and improved processes. Exploring the potential synergies between 4-Cyanophenol and other compounds could also open up new avenues for innovation and discovery in various industries.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 4-Cyanophenol is 4-Nitrophenol. This compound has a nitro group (-NO2) attached to the para position of the phenol ring. Like 4-Cyanophenol, 4-Nitrophenol is used in various industries including pharmaceuticals and dyes due to its chemical reactivity.
Another compound with a similar structure is 4-Hydroxybenzonitrile, also known as p-Hydroxybenzonitrile. This compound contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a nitrile group (-CN) attached to the para position of the benzene ring. 4-Hydroxybenzonitrile is commonly used in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals due to its unique chemical properties.
One more compound related to 4-Cyanophenol is 4-Aminophenol. This compound contains an amino group (-NH2) attached to the para position of the phenol ring. 4-Aminophenol is utilized in the production of hair dyes, pharmaceuticals, and dyes due to its ability to undergo various chemical reactions.
