3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is a chemical compound that has various practical applications in everyday life. It is commonly used in the production of dyes, pigments, and polymers, making it essential in the manufacturing of textiles, plastics, and other consumer goods. Additionally, it is utilized in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, contributing to advancements in medicine and agriculture. Overall, 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline plays a significant role in numerous industries, impacting the products and technologies that people interact with on a daily basis.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, also known as 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone, is primarily used in the production of heat-resistant polymers such as poly (4,4′-diphenylene sulfone) (PDS). This polymer has excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, making it suitable for various industrial applications, including in the aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries.
The commercial and industrial applications of 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline also extend to the medical field as a key component in the synthesis of dapsone, an antibiotic used to treat leprosy and dermatitis herpetiformis. Dapsone works by inhibiting bacterial enzymes and is considered an essential medication in the treatment of these skin conditions. Additionally, 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is used in the production of other pharmaceuticals and dyes.
Furthermore, 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is utilized in the manufacture of flame-retardant materials due to its ability to enhance the fire resistance of textiles, plastics, and other materials. This compound acts as a crucial ingredient in flame retardant formulations to meet safety regulations and standards. Its effectiveness in preventing or delaying the spread of flames makes it a valuable additive in various industries where fire safety is a priority.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is a white to off-white crystalline solid with no distinct odor. It is typically found in a powdered form and does not emit any noticeable scent.
With a molar mass of 261.29 g/mol and a density of approximately 1.45 g/cm³, 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is heavier than many common food items such as sugar and salt. Its density is similar to that of cooking oils and butter.
The melting point of 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is around 153-154°C, while its boiling point is around 380-390°C. These values are significantly higher compared to common food items, which generally melt and boil at lower temperatures.
3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is sparingly soluble in water, but it dissolves readily in organic solvents. Its viscosity is relatively high, giving it a thick and sticky texture compared to many common food items which have lower viscosities.
🏭 Production & Procurement
3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, a key component in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals, is typically produced through a series of chemical reactions. The first step involves reacting aniline with chlorosulfonic acid to form 4-amino benzenesulfonyl chloride, which is then reduced with a reducing agent to yield 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline.
To procure 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, manufacturers must source the necessary raw materials, such as aniline and chlorosulfonic acid, from reputable suppliers. These chemicals are then mixed in precise quantities and subjected to controlled chemical reactions to form the desired end product. Once produced, the 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline can be transported in bulk liquid form or as a solid powder.
Transporting 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline requires adherence to strict safety regulations due to its toxic and corrosive nature. The compound is typically shipped in sealed containers and handled by trained personnel to prevent spills and exposure. Suppliers and manufacturers must also ensure proper labeling and documentation in compliance with local and international regulations during transportation.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety Considerations for 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline:
When handling 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, it is imperative to adhere to proper safety precautions to protect oneself from potential hazards. This compound poses a risk of skin and eye irritation, therefore, it is essential to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when working with it. In addition, the compound should be stored in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhalation of its fumes, which could potentially cause respiratory irritation.
Moreover, users should be cautious when handling 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline to avoid accidental ingestion or contact with the skin. In case of ingestion, immediate medical attention should be sought, and the compound should never be ingested intentionally. It is also important to wash hands thoroughly after handling 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline to prevent accidental transfer to other surfaces or areas. Overall, adherence to proper safety protocols is crucial when working with this compound to minimize the risk of harm.
Hazard Statements for 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline:
3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is classified as harmful if swallowed, causing potential damage to internal organs upon ingestion. It is also considered irritating to the skin and eyes, with the possibility of causing skin sensitization upon prolonged exposure. Furthermore, this compound may cause respiratory irritation if inhaled, emphasizing the importance of proper ventilation when working with it. Overall, caution should be exercised to prevent exposure to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline and reduce the risk of adverse health effects.
Precautionary Statements for 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline:
To minimize the risks associated with 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, it is advised to handle the compound in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhalation of its fumes. Personal protective equipment, including gloves and goggles, should be worn to protect the skin and eyes from potential irritation. In case of skin contact, affected areas should be washed thoroughly with soap and water, and if irritation persists, medical attention should be sought. Additionally, ingestion of 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline should be avoided at all costs, and any accidental ingestion should be treated as a medical emergency. By following these precautionary measures, the risk of harm from exposure to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline can be significantly minimized.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline could involve exploring its applications in the field of organic synthesis. Researchers may investigate its reactivity towards different functional groups and its potential as a building block for the synthesis of novel organic compounds.
Another potential research direction could focus on the development of new methodologies for the preparation of 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline. This could involve investigating different synthetic routes, optimizing reaction conditions, and exploring the scalability of the synthesis process to facilitate its industrial production.
Furthermore, researchers may also explore the biological properties of 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, such as its potential applications as a drug candidate or as a molecular probe for biological studies. Investigating its pharmacological activity, toxicity profile, and metabolic stability could provide valuable insights into its potential as a therapeutic agent.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is 2,2′-Sulfonyldianiline. This compound has a similar structure to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, with the difference being the position of the sulfone groups on the aromatic rings. The presence of two sulfone groups on the benzene rings gives 2,2′-Sulfonyldianiline similar chemical properties to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline.
Another compound that is structurally similar to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is 4,4′-Sulfonyldianiline. In this compound, the sulfone groups are located at the para position of the benzene rings, as opposed to the meta position in 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline. This difference in substitution pattern can result in variations in the physical and chemical properties of 4,4′-Sulfonyldianiline compared to its 3,3′ isomer.
Additionally, a related compound to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline is 2,5-Sulfonyldianiline. This compound contains a single sulfone group on each of the benzene rings, located at the 2 and 5 positions. The positioning of the sulfone groups in 2,5-Sulfonyldianiline results in different steric and electronic effects compared to 3,3′-Sulfonyldianiline, leading to potential differences in reactivity and stability between the two compounds.