3-Cyanopyridine is a chemical compound that has numerous applications in everyday life. It is commonly used in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. In the pharmaceutical industry, 3-Cyanopyridine is a key intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of medications, including anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. In the agrochemical sector, it plays a crucial role in the development of pesticides and herbicides. Additionally, 3-Cyanopyridine is utilized as a precursor in the manufacturing of dyes, which are widely used in textiles, food coloring, and cosmetics. Overall, the versatility of 3-Cyanopyridine makes it an essential compound with significant impact on various aspects of daily life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
3-Cyanopyridine, also known as nicotinonitrile, has several commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly used as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and various chemical reactions. Additionally, 3-Cyanopyridine is utilized in the production of pesticides, herbicides, and other plant protection products.
In terms of drug and medication applications, 3-Cyanopyridine plays a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various medicinally important compounds, including anti-inflammatory drugs, antifungal agents, and anti-cancer medications. As a versatile chemical building block, 3-Cyanopyridine contributes significantly to the development of new drugs and therapeutic treatments.
Due to its versatile properties and diverse applications, 3-Cyanopyridine continues to be a valuable compound in both commercial and industrial settings. Its role in drug development and chemical synthesis underscores its importance in advancing various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and chemical manufacturing. The wide-ranging applications of 3-Cyanopyridine highlight its significance as a key ingredient in numerous products essential for modern society.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
3-Cyanopyridine is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. This compound is commonly used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals due to its strong nucleophilic properties and ability to form various chemical bonds.
With a molar mass of 104.11 g/mol and a density of 1.080 g/cm^3, 3-Cyanopyridine is relatively lightweight and less dense compared to common food items such as sugar (molar mass ~342.3 g/mol, density ~1.59 g/cm^3) and salt (molar mass ~58.44 g/mol, density ~2.16 g/cm^3).
3-Cyanopyridine has a melting point of -12.6°C and a boiling point of 235.5°C, making it a volatile compound compared to common food items such as butter (melting point ~32-35°C, boiling point ~177°C) and chocolate (melting point ~30-32°C, boiling point ~148°C).
This compound has limited solubility in water and is relatively viscous, characteristics that differ from common food items like sugar and salt which are highly soluble in water and have low viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
3-Cyanopyridine is produced through the synthesis of pyridine, a six-membered heterocyclic organic compound. The key step in the production process is the conversion of cyanoacetic acid to 3-cyanopyridine, typically using a catalyst such as sodium hydroxide. This reaction results in the formation of the desired product with high yield and purity.
The procurement of 3-Cyanopyridine is typically carried out through chemical suppliers or manufacturers specializing in the production of fine chemicals. The compound is commonly available in both liquid and solid forms, packaged and sealed to prevent contamination during transportation. Transportation of 3-Cyanopyridine is usually done through specialized carriers that comply with strict safety regulations to ensure the chemical’s safe delivery to its destination.
When procuring 3-Cyanopyridine, it is essential to adhere to proper handling and storage procedures due to its flammable and toxic nature. Users must ensure the compound is stored in a well-ventilated area away from heat sources and incompatible substances to prevent accidents or chemical reactions. Additionally, proper labeling and documentation of the chemical’s properties and hazards are crucial for safe handling and transportation.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety Considerations for 3-Cyanopyridine:
When handling 3-Cyanopyridine, it is vital to adhere to strict safety measures. This compound is highly flammable and may ignite spontaneously in contact with air. Therefore, it should be stored away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Additionally, proper ventilation is essential when working with 3-Cyanopyridine to prevent inhalation of its vapors, which can cause respiratory irritation.
Personal protective equipment, such as gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat, should be worn when handling 3-Cyanopyridine to prevent skin and eye contact. In case of accidental exposure, immediate medical attention should be sought. It is also important to have access to an eyewash station and safety shower in the vicinity when working with this compound. Overall, practicing good laboratory hygiene and following established safety protocols are crucial for minimizing risks associated with 3-Cyanopyridine.
Hazard Statements for 3-Cyanopyridine:
3-Cyanopyridine poses several hazards that must be taken into consideration when handling this compound. It is classified as a flammable liquid and may form explosive vapor-air mixtures. In addition, 3-Cyanopyridine is toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or in contact with skin. Prolonged exposure to this substance may cause serious health effects, including respiratory irritation, skin burns, and organ damage. Extra caution should be exercised to prevent accidental exposure and to minimize the risks associated with 3-Cyanopyridine.
Precautionary Statements for 3-Cyanopyridine:
Several precautionary measures should be taken when working with 3-Cyanopyridine to ensure the safety of individuals handling this compound. It is imperative to keep 3-Cyanopyridine away from heat, sparks, and open flames to prevent potential fire hazards. Moreover, proper ventilation is essential to minimize exposure to vapors that may cause respiratory irritation. Personal protective equipment, such as gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat, should be worn at all times to prevent skin and eye contact. In case of accidental exposure, immediate medical attention should be sought. Overall, following established safety protocols and practicing good laboratory hygiene are crucial for safe handling of 3-Cyanopyridine.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Research on 3-Cyanopyridine has shown its potential as a building block in organic synthesis due to its diverse functional groups. One possible direction of study could involve exploring its reactivity towards various nucleophiles and electrophiles to develop new synthetic strategies.
Additionally, investigation into the potential biological activity of 3-Cyanopyridine derivatives may lead to the discovery of new drugs or agrochemicals. Studies on the toxicity and pharmacokinetics of these compounds could provide valuable insights for their potential application in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries.
Furthermore, the development of new methodologies for the synthesis of 3-Cyanopyridine and its derivatives could be a fruitful research direction. This could involve exploring new catalytic systems, reaction conditions, and purification techniques to improve the efficiency and sustainability of their production.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 3-Cyanopyridine based upon molecular structure is 4-Cyanopyridine. This compound has a similar pyridine ring structure with a cyano group attached to the fourth carbon atom. The structural similarity between 3-Cyanopyridine and 4-Cyanopyridine allows for similar chemical reactivity and properties.
Another compound with a similar structure to 3-Cyanopyridine is 2-Cyanopyridine. This compound also features a pyridine ring with a cyano group attached to the second carbon atom. The presence of the cyano group at a different position on the pyridine ring may result in slightly different chemical properties compared to 3-Cyanopyridine, but the structural similarity allows for some overlap in reactivity.
Furthermore, 3-Cyanopyridine is structurally related to other cyanopyridine derivatives such as 2,6-Dicyanopyridine. This compound features two cyano groups attached to the pyridine ring at the 2 and 6 positions. The presence of two cyano groups may result in enhanced reactivity and different chemical properties compared to 3-Cyanopyridine, but the shared pyridine ring backbone confers some similarities in behavior.
