(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid, also known as tartaric acid, is a common food additive and natural substance found in many fruits. It is used in baking powder, effervescent drinks, and certain medications. In the culinary world, tartaric acid is often used to add a tangy flavor to dishes and beverages. Overall, tartaric acid plays a significant role in enhancing the taste and quality of various food and drink products consumed in everyday life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid, also known as 2-hydroxyadipic acid, has multiple commercial and industrial applications. One major usage is in the production of biodegradable polymers, where it is utilized as a building block for environmentally friendly materials. Additionally, this compound is employed as a chelating agent in various industrial processes to sequester metal ions and prevent metal corrosion.
In the realm of drug and medication applications, (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid has shown promise as a potential therapeutic agent for various health conditions. Research suggests that it exhibits antioxidant properties, making it a candidate for the development of antioxidant supplements. Furthermore, its chelating abilities may be harnessed in certain pharmaceutical formulations to enhance drug stability and effectiveness.
Moreover, due to its ability to modulate cellular functions and potentially mitigate oxidative stress, (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is being explored in the field of personalized medicine. Researchers are investigating its potential role in targeted therapies for conditions characterized by excess free radical damage, paving the way for personalized treatment approaches. As a result, this compound holds significant promise in the development of tailored healthcare solutions.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is a colorless, odorless solid at room temperature. It typically appears as white crystals or powder.
The molar mass of (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is approximately 146.10 g/mol, and its density is around 1.68 g/cm3. Compared to common food items like sugar or salt, (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid has a higher molar mass and density.
The melting point of (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is approximately 150-155°C, and its boiling point is around 350°C. In comparison to common food items like butter or chocolate, (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid has a higher melting point and boiling point.
(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is highly soluble in water due to its carboxylic acid groups. It has a low viscosity, making it easier to dissolve in aqueous solutions. In contrast, common food items like sugar or salt have lower solubility in water and higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid, also known as (2R)-2-hydroxyadipic acid, is typically produced through chemical synthesis in laboratory settings. The compound can be synthesized using various organic chemical reactions, such as oxidation of 2-hydroxy-1,5-pentanediol or esterification of adipic acid with methanol followed by hydrolysis.
In terms of procurement and transportation, (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid may be obtained from chemical suppliers or manufacturers. It is commonly available for purchase in the form of a crystalline solid, typically packaged in sealed containers to prevent contamination or degradation during shipping. The compound can be transported via standard courier services or specialized chemical transportation methods, depending on the quantity and regulations regarding hazardous materials.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety Considerations for (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid:
(2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid, also known as (2R)-2-hydroxyadipic acid, is a compound that should be handled with care due to its potential hazards. As with all chemicals, proper safety precautions must be observed when working with this substance in a laboratory or industrial setting. It is important to take measures to prevent skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion of the compound to avoid any adverse effects on health.
When handling (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn, including gloves, lab coat, safety goggles, and a respirator if necessary. The compound should only be used in well-ventilated areas to minimize exposure to fumes or vapors. In case of accidental exposure or spillage, proper cleanup procedures should be followed to avoid contamination and potential harm to individuals and the environment.
It is essential to store (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid in a secure, well-labeled container away from incompatible substances to prevent accidental reactions or spills. Proper storage conditions, such as cool, dry, and well-ventilated areas, should be maintained to ensure the integrity and stability of the compound. Regular inspection and maintenance of storage facilities are recommended to prevent any leaks or hazards associated with the storage of (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid.
Hazard Statements for (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid:
– May cause skin irritation.
– Harmful if swallowed.
– Causes serious eye irritation.
– May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary Statements for (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid:
– Wear protective gloves/eye protection/face protection.
– IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water.
– IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
– Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is the study of its biochemical properties and potential pharmaceutical applications. Researchers can investigate its role in metabolic pathways and potential therapeutic effects in various diseases.
Another research direction could involve the synthesis of novel derivatives of (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid to explore their chemical and biological activities. This could lead to the development of new drug candidates with improved pharmacological properties.
Furthermore, researchers may investigate the potential environmental impact of (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid and its derivatives. Studies could focus on its biodegradability, toxicity, and potential uses in eco-friendly products as a sustainable alternative to conventional chemicals.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is (2S)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid. This compound has the same molecular formula and structural backbone as (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid, but differs in the stereochemistry at the chiral center. This mirror image compound also exhibits similar chemical properties and reactivity as (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid.
Another related compound is pentanedioic acid, which lacks the hydroxyl group present in (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid. This compound shares the same carbon backbone but differs in functional groups. Pentanedioic acid is a simple dicarboxylic acid with two carboxylic acid groups, making it a potential substrate for similar enzymatic reactions as (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid.
A third compound similar to (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid is 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid. This compound contains a similar hydroxyl group but has a shorter carbon backbone compared to (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid. 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with potential applications in various biological processes and chemical reactions. Despite these structural differences, it shares some similarities with (2R)-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid in terms of functional groups and reactivity.
