2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is a chemical compound commonly used as an antioxidant in various industries, including the food and cosmetic industries. This compound helps to prevent oxidation and spoilage in products, extending their shelf life and maintaining their quality. In everyday life, consumers may encounter 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone in packaged foods, personal care products, and certain medications. Its presence contributes to the preservation and stability of these goods, ultimately impacting consumer convenience and product reliability.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is primarily used as an antioxidant in various commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly utilized in the production of rubber and food packaging materials to extend their shelf life and prevent degradation due to oxidation.
In the pharmaceutical industry, 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is used as an antioxidant in certain drug formulations. Its ability to inhibit the degradation of active pharmaceutical ingredients makes it a valuable ingredient in medications that require stability and have a longer shelf life.
In addition to its industrial and pharmaceutical applications, 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is also used in the manufacturing of synthetic polymers and as a stabilizer in fuels and lubricants. Its antioxidant properties make it an essential additive in these products to prevent degradation and ensure longer durability.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone appears as a white crystalline solid with no distinct odor.
The molar mass of 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is approximately 220.3 g/mol, and its density is around 1.043 g/cm³. This places it in a similar range to common food items such as sugar (molar mass: 342.3 g/mol, density: 1.59 g/cm³) and salt (molar mass: 58.44 g/mol, density: 2.17 g/cm³).
The melting point of 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is approximately 179-180°C, and its boiling point is around 295-296°C. These values are significantly higher compared to common food items such as butter (melting point: 32-35°C, boiling point: 100°C) and water (melting point: 0°C, boiling point: 100°C).
2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is poorly soluble in water and exhibits high viscosity. This contrasts with common food items such as sugar and salt, which are highly soluble in water and low in viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone, a white crystalline solid, is typically produced through the condensation of tert-butylphenol and hydroquinone. This reaction, which is catalyzed by acid, results in the formation of the desired compound along with water as a byproduct.
Once 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is synthesized, it can be procured through chemical suppliers or manufacturers specializing in organic compounds. This compound is often packaged in sealed containers to prevent exposure to moisture and light, as these factors can degrade its quality over time.
When transporting 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone, it is essential to ensure proper labeling and packaging to comply with regulations governing the transport of hazardous materials. Additionally, precautions should be taken to prevent any potential leaks or spills during transit, as this substance can be harmful if ingested or inhaled.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone (DTBHQ) are crucial due to its potential health hazards. This compound is known to be harmful if swallowed, causing irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes upon contact. It is also classified as a skin sensitizer, meaning it can trigger allergic reactions in some individuals. Therefore, when handling DTBHQ, it is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, protective clothing, and safety goggles to minimize exposure.
Hazard statements for 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone include “H302: Harmful if swallowed,” indicating that ingestion of this compound can lead to adverse health effects. Additionally, the statement “H315: Causes skin irritation” warns about the potential for skin irritation upon contact with DTBHQ. Another hazard statement, “H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction,” highlights the sensitizing properties of this compound, which can trigger allergic reactions in some individuals. Overall, these hazard statements emphasize the importance of handling DTBHQ with caution to avoid any potential health risks.
Precautionary statements for 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone aim to guide individuals on the safe handling and storage of this compound. Statements such as “P264: Wash hands thoroughly after handling” emphasize the importance of practicing good hygiene to prevent any potential exposure to DTBHQ. “P280: Wear protective gloves/eye protection/face protection” underscores the necessity of using appropriate personal protective equipment when working with this compound to minimize the risk of skin and eye irritation. Overall, following these precautionary statements is essential to ensure the safe handling of DTBHQ and prevent any unwanted health effects.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Potential research directions for 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone may include its use as an antioxidant in various industries such as food preservation and cosmetics. Studies could focus on understanding its mechanisms of action and effectiveness in inhibiting oxidation processes in different products.
Further research could explore the potential health effects of 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone, particularly in terms of its safety for human consumption. Studies could investigate its toxicological profile and determine safe levels for human exposure, considering its widespread use as a preservative in food products.
Additionally, research could be conducted on the environmental impact of 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone, particularly its persistence and potential for bioaccumulation in ecosystems. Studies could assess its fate in the environment and its potential to cause harm to wildlife and ecosystems through long-term exposure.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is 2,5-Di-tert-butylphenol. This compound also contains two tert-butyl groups attached to a hydroquinone backbone, resulting in similar steric hindrance and antioxidant properties.
Another analogous compound is 2,6-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone. In this compound, the tert-butyl groups are positioned at the 2 and 6 positions of the hydroquinone ring instead of the 2 and 5 positions. This structural variation may lead to differences in antioxidant activity and stability compared to 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone.
Additionally, 2,3-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone is another compound with a molecular structure similar to 2,5-Di-tert-butylhydroquinone. In this compound, the tert-butyl groups are located at the 2 and 3 positions of the hydroquinone ring, potentially influencing its antioxidant and stabilizing effects. These similar compounds highlight the versatility of hydroquinone derivatives in the development of antioxidants and stabilizers for various applications.
