2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone, commonly known as benzophenone-1, is a chemical compound often used as an ingredient in various personal care products, including sunscreens, hair sprays, and nail polishes. Its primary function is as a UV filter, helping to protect the skin and hair from the harmful effects of exposure to ultraviolet radiation. In everyday life, the presence of 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone in these products serves an important role in aiding individuals in maintaining their overall health and well-being by providing protection against sun damage and premature aging caused by UV radiation.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone, commonly known as benzophenone-1, has several commercial and industrial applications. It is used as a UV stabilizer in plastics and polymers, protecting them from degradation caused by exposure to sunlight. Additionally, it is utilized as a photoinitiator in the production of inks, adhesives, and coatings, allowing for curing or hardening upon exposure to light.
In terms of drug and medication applications, 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is used as an ultraviolet filter in sunscreens and other skincare products. It helps to protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation, reducing the risk of sunburn and skin damage. Furthermore, it is also employed in some pharmaceutical formulations as a stabilizer to prolong the shelf life of the medication.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone appears as a white crystalline solid with no distinct odor. It is commonly used in sunscreen and cosmetic products.
The molar mass of 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is 214.2 g/mol and its density is 1.31 g/cm³. This compares to common food items such as sugar (342.3 g/mol) and water (1 g/cm³) in terms of molar mass and density.
The melting point of 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is around 148°C, while its boiling point is approximately 420°C. These values are much higher compared to common food items such as butter (melting point: 32-35°C) and water (boiling point: 100°C).
2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is relatively insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. It has a low viscosity, which makes it suitable for use in various cosmetic products. This contrasts with common food items like salt (high solubility in water) and honey (high viscosity).
🏭 Production & Procurement
2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone, also known as benzophenone-1, is typically produced through a multistep synthesis process. The first step involves the acylation of resorcinol with benzoyl chloride, followed by a series of reactions to form the final product. This method allows for the controlled production of 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone with high purity.
2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone can be procured from chemical suppliers who specialize in the production of fine chemicals. It is typically available in powdered form in varying quantities to meet the needs of different industries. The compound can be transported in sealed containers to prevent contamination and degradation during transit.
When procuring 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone, it is important to consider the storage and handling requirements of the compound. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. Additionally, proper labeling should be used to indicate the contents and any safety precautions that should be followed when handling the compound.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone, also known as benzophenone-1, include the potential for skin irritation and eye irritation. It may also cause respiratory irritation if inhaled. Due to its potential as a skin sensitizer, individuals should avoid prolonged or repeated exposure to this compound. Proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone to minimize the risk of skin and eye irritation.
Hazard statements for 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone include “Causes skin irritation,” “Causes serious eye irritation,” and “May cause respiratory irritation.” These statements highlight the potential effects of exposure to this compound on the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Individuals working with 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone should take precautions to minimize their risk of experiencing these hazards, such as wearing appropriate protective equipment and following safe handling procedures.
Precautionary statements for 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone include “Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray,” “Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection,” and “Wash thoroughly after handling.” These statements emphasize the importance of taking preventative measures to reduce the risk of harm when working with 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone. By following these precautionary measures, individuals can help ensure their safety while handling this compound.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is its application in the field of sunscreen development. Studies could focus on exploring its ability to protect against UVA and UVB rays, as well as its potential for minimizing skin damage caused by sun exposure.
Another avenue for research on 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is its potential as an antioxidant in skincare products. Investigations could delve into its ability to neutralize free radicals and protect skin cells from oxidative stress. Additionally, researchers could explore its potential for anti-aging properties and skin rejuvenation effects.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone is Benzophenone-3, which is a derivative of benzophenone with a similar molecular structure. Benzophenone-3 is commonly used in sunscreens to filter out UV rays and provide protection against sunburn. This compound is also known as Oxybenzone and is effective in absorbing both UVA and UVB radiation.
Another related compound is Benzophenone-4, also known as Sulisobenzone, which is a derivative of benzophenone with a similar molecular structure. Benzophenone-4 is often used in sunscreens and hair care products for its ability to absorb UV rays and protect against sun damage. This compound is primarily effective against UVB radiation and helps to prevent sunburn and skin damage caused by exposure to the sun.
A further compound with a similar structure is Benzophenone-8, also known as Dioxybenzone, which is a derivative of benzophenone. Benzophenone-8 is commonly used in sunscreen products for its ability to absorb UV rays and provide protection against sunburn. This compound is effective in blocking both UVA and UVB radiation, making it a versatile ingredient in sun protection formulations.
