2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA plays a significant role in everyday life as it is involved in the breakdown of fatty acids in the body, particularly in the process of alpha-oxidation. This biochemical pathway is crucial for the metabolism of certain types of very long-chain fatty acids, which are important components of our diet. Understanding the function of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is essential for maintaining proper metabolic functioning and overall health.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
In commercial and industrial applications, 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA plays a significant role in the production of various cosmetic and personal care products. Its moisturizing properties make it a popular ingredient in skincare formulations such as lotions, creams, and serums. Additionally, 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is used in the manufacturing of hair care products, where it helps to nourish and condition the hair.
In drug and medication applications, 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is being studied for its potential therapeutic benefits in the treatment of certain metabolic disorders. Research suggests that this compound may help to improve lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function, making it a promising candidate for the development of drugs targeting conditions such as fatty acid oxidation disorders. Further studies are ongoing to explore the full potential of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA in pharmaceutical applications.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is a white, crystalline solid with no distinct odor. It is commonly found in the peroxisomes of cells and plays a crucial role in the alpha-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids.
The molar mass of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is approximately 1005.5 g/mol, and its density is about 1.1 g/cm³. This places it in the range of common food items such as sugar and salt in terms of molar mass and density.
The melting point of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is around 75°C, and its boiling point is approximately 310°C. These values are significantly higher than those of common food items like butter and chocolate in terms of melting point and boiling point.
2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is insoluble in water, but it is soluble in organic solvents. It has a high viscosity, similar to oils like olive oil. This contrasts with common food items like sugar and salt, which are highly soluble in water and have low viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is produced through the alpha-oxidation of phytanic acid, a branched-chain fatty acid found in certain foods such as dairy products and ruminant meats. This process occurs in peroxisomes, where phytanic acid is metabolized into pristanic acid, followed by the formation of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA.
The procurement of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA involves the transportation of phytanic acid from the diet into cells where it can undergo alpha-oxidation. Phytanic acid is typically absorbed in the intestine and then transported by albumin in the bloodstream. Once inside cells, phytanic acid is metabolized by peroxisomes to produce 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA.
Transportation of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA within cells occurs through specific binding proteins and transporters that facilitate its movement between cellular compartments. These proteins ensure that 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA reaches its target enzymes for further metabolism and utilization in various biochemical pathways. Overall, the production and procurement of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA are essential processes for the breakdown and utilization of phytanic acid in cellular metabolism.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA revolve around its potential hazards when handled or used in laboratory settings. As a chemical compound, 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA may pose risks of skin irritation, eye irritation, and respiratory irritation if proper precautions are not taken. It is important to always wear appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat when working with this compound to minimize the risk of exposure.
Hazard statements for 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA include the potential for causing skin and eye irritation upon contact. Inhalation of the compound may also lead to respiratory irritation. It is important to handle 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA with care and ensure that proper safety measures are in place to prevent any adverse effects. In case of exposure, seek medical attention immediately and follow proper decontamination procedures.
Precautionary statements for 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA include the need to avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. It is recommended to work with the compound in a well-ventilated area to minimize the risk of inhalation. In case of accidental exposure, seek medical advice immediately and provide the relevant safety data sheet for further information on handling and disposal procedures. Always store 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials to prevent any potential chemical reactions.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Research on 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA, a metabolite involved in alpha-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids, may focus on elucidating its specific role in lipid metabolism and cellular function.
Investigations could explore the impact of 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA on peroxisomal biogenesis and function, as defects in alpha-oxidation pathways have been linked to peroxisomal disorders.
Furthermore, studies may aim to uncover potential therapeutic targets and strategies for treating disorders related to impaired alpha-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids, such as Refsum disease and Zellweger syndrome.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is 2-Hydroxypristanoyl-CoA. This compound shares a similar molecular structure with 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA, but with a slightly different carbon chain length. Both compounds contain a hydroxyl group on the second carbon of the fatty acid chain, giving them their distinguishing feature.
Another similar compound is 2-Hydroxyphytanic acid. While not in the CoA form, 2-Hydroxyphytanic acid shares the same hydroxyl group on the second carbon of the fatty acid chain as 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA. This compound is often found in the blood of patients with Refsum disease, an inherited disorder of lipid metabolism.
Additionally, Phytanoyl-CoA is structurally similar to 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA. The only difference between the two compounds is the presence of a hydroxyl group on the second carbon of the fatty acid chain in 2-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA. Phytanoyl-CoA plays a crucial role in the breakdown of phytanic acid, which is derived from the oxidation of phytol, a constituent of chlorophyll.
