2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, commonly known as lawsone, is a compound found in the leaves of the henna plant. It is widely used as a natural dye in various cultural practices, particularly in body art and hair coloring. Additionally, lawsone has been studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, leading to its potential use in skincare products and herbal remedies. Overall, 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone plays a significant role in everyday life through its applications in beauty and wellness industries.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, commonly known as lawsone, has various commercial and industrial applications. It is used as a dye in the textile industry, particularly in henna-based hair coloring products. Lawsone is also utilized in the manufacturing of cosmetics, such as lipstick and nail polish, due to its ability to produce red and orange hues.
In addition to its use in commercial and industrial settings, lawsone has found applications in the field of drug and medication. It has been studied for its potential antimicrobial properties, making it a promising candidate for the development of pharmaceuticals aimed at combating bacterial infections. Lawsone has also been researched for its anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
Overall, 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone demonstrates versatility in both commercial and industrial applications, as well as potential pharmaceutical uses. Its unique chemical properties make it a valuable compound in various industries, with ongoing research exploring its full range of benefits and applications.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is a yellow solid with no discernible odor. It can be observed as a crystalline substance with a distinctive coloration.
The molar mass of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is approximately 174.17 g/mol, and it has a density of around 1.522 g/cm³. Compared to common household items, such as table salt (molar mass of 58.44 g/mol, density of 2.165 g/cm³), 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone has a higher molar mass but a lower density.
The melting point of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is approximately 135-138°C, while the boiling point is around 340°C. In comparison to common household items like sugar (melting point of 186°C, boiling point of decomposes), 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone has a lower melting point but a higher boiling point.
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is sparingly soluble in water, forming a yellow solution, and exhibits moderate viscosity. Compared to common household items such as baking soda (high solubility in water, low viscosity), 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone has lower solubility in water and higher viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, also known as lawsone or hennotannic acid, is primarily produced through the isolation of lawsone from the leaves of the henna plant (Lawsonia inermis). The extraction process involves crushing the leaves, followed by solvent extraction and purification steps to isolate the compound.
Once 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is produced, it can be procured through various commercial suppliers or chemical manufacturers. The compound is typically packaged and transported in sealed containers to prevent any degradation or contamination. Depending on the quantity required, it can be shipped via standard courier services or specialist chemical transport companies.
In addition to purchasing 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone from suppliers, it can also be synthesized in a laboratory setting through chemical reactions involving naphthalene derivatives. However, this method is less commonly used due to the availability of lawsone from natural sources. Regardless of the procurement method chosen, it is essential to handle and store the compound according to prescribed safety guidelines to prevent any unwanted reactions or hazards.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone include the need to handle the compound with care due to its potential hazards. It is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat, when handling this chemical. Additionally, it is essential to work with 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of fumes or vapors.
In terms of pharmacology, 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is known to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. The compound has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various diseases, including cancer, due to its ability to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Additionally, 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone has been shown to modulate immune responses and reduce inflammation in preclinical studies.
Hazard statements for 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone include the compound being harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or in contact with skin. It may cause irritation to the respiratory system, skin, and eyes upon exposure. Long-term or repeated exposure to 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone may lead to adverse health effects, such as respiratory sensitization or skin sensitization.
Precautionary statements for 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone include avoiding direct contact with the compound and using appropriate safety measures when handling it. It is important to wash hands thoroughly after handling 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and to avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in areas where the chemical is present. Furthermore, storage of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone should be in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances to prevent potential hazards.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is its potential use as an anti-cancer agent. Studies have shown that this compound exhibits selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for further investigation in cancer therapy.
Another avenue of research could focus on the antioxidant properties of 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. Several studies have suggested that this compound has potent antioxidant activity, which may be beneficial in combating oxidative stress-related diseases. Further exploration of its antioxidant mechanisms and potential applications could yield valuable insights for medical and pharmaceutical purposes.
🧪 Related Compounds
One compound similar to 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone based upon molecular structure is Juglone. Juglone, also known as 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a natural organic compound found in the roots, leaves, and bark of plants in the Juglandaceae family, such as walnut trees. The molecular structure of Juglone is similar to 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, with a hydroxyl group attached to the naphthoquinone ring.
Another compound with a molecular structure similar to 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is Lawsone. Lawsone, or 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a red-orange dye molecule found in the leaves of the henna plant. Like 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, Lawsone contains a hydroxyl group attached to a naphthoquinone ring, giving it similar chemical properties and potential biological activities.
Plumbagin is yet another compound similar to 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone based on molecular structure. Plumbagin, or 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a natural compound present in the roots of plants in the Plumbaginaceae family, such as the Plumbago plant. The molecular structure of Plumbagin is closely related to 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, with a hydroxyl group and a methyl group attached to the naphthoquinone ring, imparting similar properties to the two compounds.
