2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid, commonly known as 2-APPA, is a chemical compound with various uses in both industrial and scientific fields. In everyday life, it plays a crucial role in the development of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, 2-APPA is used in research settings to study the function of neurotransmitters in the brain, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying cognitive processes and behavior. Its versatile properties make it a valuable compound with broad applications in improving human health and understanding brain function.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid, also known as ACPA, has various commercial and industrial applications. It is commonly used as a chelating agent in metal ion sequestration and corrosion inhibition in industrial processes. ACPA is also used as a complexing agent in electroplating and as a stabilizer in the synthesis of polymers and plastics.
In addition to its commercial and industrial uses, 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid has been studied for its potential drug and medication applications. ACPA has shown promising results in the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease. It acts as an agonist of the metabotropic glutamate receptor, which plays a key role in regulating neurotransmission in the brain.
Overall, 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid has a wide range of applications beyond its use in commercial and industrial settings. Its potential in the field of drug development and treatment of neurological disorders makes it a valuable compound for further research and exploration.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid is a white crystalline solid with no discernible odor. The compound is typically found in powdered form and has a neutral smell.
The molar mass of 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid is approximately 135.06 g/mol, and it has a density of 1.46 g/cm³. Compared to common food items, 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid has a higher molar mass and density than most substances found in everyday diets.
2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid has a melting point of around 194-196°C and a boiling point of approximately 371°C. In comparison to food items, these temperatures are significantly higher than those of most edible substances.
This compound is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of over 1000 g/L at room temperature. It has a low viscosity, making it easy to dissolve in water. Compared to common food items, 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid’s solubility and viscosity in water are much higher than typical edible substances.
🏭 Production & Procurement
Producing 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid involves a multi-step synthesis process. One common method is to start with the reaction of glycine and chloroacetic acid to form N-chloroacetyl glycine, followed by treatment with phosphorus trichloride to yield 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid.
2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid can be procured from specialty chemical suppliers or chemical manufacturers. It is typically available in various purities and quantities to meet the needs of research laboratories or industrial applications.
Once procured, 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid can be transported in sealed containers to prevent contamination. Proper labeling and documentation should accompany the shipment to ensure safe handling and regulatory compliance.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid (2-APPA) are crucial due to its potential hazards. This compound may cause skin irritation upon contact, so it is important to handle it with care. In addition, inhalation or ingestion of 2-APPA may lead to respiratory or digestive tract irritation, respectively. Therefore, proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when working with this chemical.
Hazard statements for 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid include “Causes skin irritation” and “May cause respiratory irritation.” These statements highlight the potential risks associated with exposure to this compound. It is important to be aware of these hazards in order to take necessary precautions to prevent any adverse effects on health.
Precautionary statements for 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid include “Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray” and “Wash hands thoroughly after handling.” These statements emphasize the importance of proper handling and disposal of this chemical to minimize potential risks. It is essential to follow these precautions to ensure the safety of individuals working with 2-APPA.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Research on 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid, also known as L-AP3, has primarily focused on its role as a selective antagonist for metabotropic glutamate receptors. Future studies could investigate its potential therapeutic applications in neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and Parkinson’s disease.
Additionally, further exploration into the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of L-AP3 could provide valuable insights into its mechanisms of action and potential side effects. Understanding the compound’s interactions with other neurotransmitter systems may also shed light on its broader impact on brain function and behavior.
Furthermore, research could delve into the development of novel analogs or derivatives of L-AP3 to enhance its efficacy and reduce potential adverse effects. Investigating the compound’s structure-activity relationship may lead to the discovery of more potent and selective compounds with improved pharmacological properties for clinical use.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid is 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid. This molecule has a similar molecular structure, with the phosphate group attached to the third carbon atom in a three-carbon chain. The difference lies in the position of the carboxylic acid group, which is located on the second carbon atom in this compound.
Another related compound is 2-Amino-3-phosphonobutanoic acid. This molecule also contains a phosphate group attached to a carbon atom within a four-carbon chain. The amino group is located on the second carbon atom, similar to the structure of 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid. The additional carbon atom in this compound results in a longer chain compared to the original compound.
One more analogous compound is 3-Amino-2-phosphonopropionic acid. In this molecule, the amino group is located on the third carbon atom, instead of the second as in 2-Amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid. The phosphate group is still attached to the third carbon atom, maintaining a similar structural motif. The positioning of the functional groups in this compound results in distinct chemical properties compared to the original compound.