1,2-Butanediol is a chemical compound that serves various functions in everyday life. It is commonly utilized as a solvent in industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and textile manufacturing. Additionally, this compound is sometimes employed as a precursor in the synthesis of other organic chemicals. Due to its versatile nature and wide range of applications, 1,2-Butanediol plays a significant role in different aspects of daily life, despite its relatively lesser-known status among the general public.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
1,2-Butanediol has numerous commercial and industrial applications due to its properties as a versatile chemical compound. It is commonly used as a solvent, plasticizer, and intermediate in the production of various chemical compounds such as polymers, coatings, and fragrances. Additionally, 1,2-Butanediol is utilized in the manufacturing of personal care products like moisturizers, as well as in the food and beverage industry as a humectant.
In the medical field, 1,2-Butanediol is utilized in the production of certain drugs and medications. It is commonly used as a precursor in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals such as antibiotics, antivirals, and sedatives. Furthermore, 1,2-Butanediol is a key ingredient in the formulation of certain cough suppressants and muscle relaxants due to its ability to depress the central nervous system.
Overall, 1,2-Butanediol plays a crucial role in both commercial and industrial sectors, as well as in the field of medicine. Its diverse range of applications make it a valuable chemical compound in various industries, from manufacturing to pharmaceuticals.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
1,2-Butanediol is a colorless liquid that possesses a mild, pleasant odor. It is commonly used in various industrial applications due to its unique chemical properties.
With a molar mass of 90.12 g/mol and a density of 1.02 g/cm³, 1,2-Butanediol is similar in molar mass to citric acid (192.13 g/mol) and in density to water (1 g/cm³). This makes it a relatively light and dense compound compared to common food items.
1,2-Butanediol has a melting point of -35°C and a boiling point of 187°C. These properties are distinct from common food items such as sugar (melting point of 186°C) and water (boiling point of 100°C).
In terms of solubility in water, 1,2-Butanediol is miscible in water, and it exhibits low viscosity. This differs from common food items like salt (limited solubility in water) and honey (high viscosity), making it a versatile compound for various applications.
🏭 Production & Procurement
1,2-Butanediol is typically produced through the catalytic hydrogenation of various starting materials, such as butanal or butyraldehyde. This process involves the use of a catalyst, typically nickel or palladium, to facilitate the conversion of the starting material into 1,2-Butanediol. The reaction takes place under carefully controlled conditions to ensure maximum yield.
Once produced, 1,2-Butanediol can be procured from chemical manufacturers or distributors. It is often available in liquid form and can be transported in bulk quantities via tank trucks or rail cars. Alternatively, smaller quantities of 1,2-Butanediol may be packaged in drums or totes for easier handling and transportation to end users.
The procurement and transportation of 1,2-Butanediol require adherence to various safety regulations and guidelines. Due to its flammability and potential health hazards, proper handling procedures must be followed at all times. Additionally, special precautions may be necessary during transport to prevent leaks or spills that could result in environmental contamination or safety hazards.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 1,2-Butanediol include its potential for causing skin and eye irritation upon contact. It may also have harmful effects if swallowed or inhaled. Therefore, it is important to handle this chemical with care, wearing appropriate protective equipment such as gloves and goggles.
Hazard statements for 1,2-Butanediol include its classification as irritating to the skin and eyes. It may also be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Precautionary measures should be taken to avoid exposure and proper handling procedures should be followed to minimize the risk of harm.
Precautionary statements for 1,2-Butanediol include the need to avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. It is important to wash hands thoroughly after handling this chemical and to wear protective gloves and goggles. In case of ingestion, seek medical advice immediately and do not induce vomiting. Storage of 1,2-Butanediol should be in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
One potential research direction for 1,2-Butanediol involves its use as a potential alternative fuel source. Studies could investigate its efficiency and environmental impact compared to traditional fossil fuels. Additionally, research could focus on developing new technologies for its production and utilization in various industries.
Another area of study for 1,2-Butanediol could be its application in the pharmaceutical industry. Research could explore its potential as a precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds or its use as a therapeutic agent. Investigations into its pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and toxicology could provide valuable insights into its medical applications.
Furthermore, research on 1,2-Butanediol could delve into its potential as a chemical intermediate in the production of polymers and other industrial compounds. Studies could investigate its properties as a solvent or plasticizer, as well as its compatibility with other chemicals. This line of research could lead to the development of new materials with improved performance and sustainability.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 1,2-Butanediol based on molecular structure is 1,3-Butanediol. This compound has the same number of carbon atoms as 1,2-Butanediol but differs in the position of the hydroxyl groups. In 1,3-Butanediol, the two hydroxyl groups are located on the first and third carbon atoms of the butane chain.
Another compound with a similar molecular structure to 1,2-Butanediol is 1,4-Butanediol. Like 1,3-Butanediol, 1,4-Butanediol also contains four carbon atoms in its chain but with the hydroxyl groups attached to the first and fourth carbon atoms. This compound shares similarities with 1,2-Butanediol in terms of molecular formula but differs in the arrangement of hydroxyl groups along the carbon chain.
One additional compound similar to 1,2-Butanediol based on its molecular structure is 2,3-Butanediol. With a four-carbon chain like 1,2-Butanediol, 2,3-Butanediol features hydroxyl groups attached to the second and third carbon atoms. This compound exhibits structural similarity to 1,2-Butanediol but varies in the positioning of hydroxyl groups within the butanediol molecule.