1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-, commonly known as dopamine, plays a crucial role in everyday life as a neurotransmitter in the human brain. This chemical compound is responsible for regulating various functions such as movement, emotions, pleasure, and motivation. Dopamine is essential for overall well-being and is involved in behaviors such as decision-making, learning, and addiction. Its significance in everyday life cannot be overstated, as it influences our moods, behaviors, and overall quality of life.
Table of Contents:
- 💡 Commercial Applications
- ⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
- 🏭 Production & Procurement
- ⚠️ Safety Considerations
- 🔬 Potential Research Directions
- 🧪 Related Compounds
💡 Commercial Applications
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-, commonly known as hydroquinone, has several commercial and industrial applications. One major use of hydroquinone is in the production of photographic developer solutions. It acts as a reducing agent in film development, promoting the formation of metallic silver.
In addition to its role in photography, hydroquinone is also utilized in the manufacturing of antioxidants for rubber and plastics. By inhibiting the oxidation process, hydroquinone helps to extend the shelf life of these materials. Furthermore, it is employed in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and other organic compounds due to its versatile chemical properties.
In the realm of drug and medication applications, hydroquinone is predominantly used in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma, age spots, and freckles. As a skin-lightening agent, it works by inhibiting the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for dark spots on the skin. Hydroquinone is commonly found in topical creams and lotions prescribed by dermatologists for its skin-brightening effects.
⚗️ Chemical & Physical Properties
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- appears as a white solid with no distinct odor.
The molar mass of 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- is approximately 153.16 g/mol, and its density is around 1.329 g/cm3. Compared to common household items, this compound has a lower molar mass and density than substances like salt or sugar.
The melting point of 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- is approximately 176-179 degrees Celsius, and its boiling point is around 373 degrees Celsius. In comparison to common household items like water or oil, this compound has higher melting and boiling points.
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- is soluble in water and has a moderate viscosity. When compared to common household items like vinegar or rubbing alcohol, this compound has similar solubility in water but lower viscosity.
🏭 Production & Procurement
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-, commonly known as dopamine, is produced through the enzymatic conversion of the amino acid tyrosine. This conversion process involves several steps, including decarboxylation and hydroxylation reactions. The final product, dopamine, plays a crucial role in the central nervous system as a neurotransmitter.
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- can be procured commercially from specialized chemical suppliers. It is typically available in a purified form suitable for research and industrial applications. The compound can be transported in various ways, including by ground transportation or air freight, depending on the quantity and urgency of the order.
When procuring 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- for research purposes, it is essential to ensure that the supplier meets the necessary quality and safety standards. Additionally, proper handling and storage guidelines should be followed to maintain the integrity of the compound. Researchers should also consider the regulatory requirements for the transportation of hazardous chemicals.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Safety considerations for 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- include the need for proper ventilation in handling areas to prevent inhalation of vapors or dust. Personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats should be worn to minimize skin contact and eye exposure. Storage should be in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials to avoid potential reactions.
The pharmacology of 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- involves its use as a pharmaceutical intermediate in the synthesis of various drugs and compounds. It is known for its antioxidant properties and its ability to scavenge free radicals in biological systems. This compound has potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of conditions related to oxidative stress.
Hazard statements for 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- include its classification as harmful if swallowed, causing skin irritation, and serious eye damage. Prolonged or repeated exposure may lead to allergic skin reactions. It is important to avoid release to the environment and dispose of it properly according to regulations.
Precautionary statements for 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- advise avoiding breathing vapors, mist, or gas and wearing protective gloves and eye protection when handling. If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or label. In case of skin contact, wash with plenty of soap and water. Store in a well-ventilated place.
🔬 Potential Research Directions
Potential research directions for 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- may include exploring its pharmacological properties and potential therapeutic applications. Studies could focus on its antioxidant effects and ability to scavenge free radicals, which could have implications for various health conditions.
Further investigation could be directed towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological activity of 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-. This may involve elucidating its interactions with target proteins or cellular pathways, which could provide insights into its potential as a drug target or therapeutic agent.
Additionally, research could be undertaken to assess the safety profile and potential toxicity of 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-. This could involve conducting preclinical studies to evaluate its effects on various organs and systems, as well as investigating its potential for drug-drug interactions and adverse effects.
🧪 Related Compounds
One similar compound to 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- based upon molecular structure is 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)-. In this compound, the hydroxyethyl group is replaced with a hydroxypropyl group, resulting in a similar molecular structure with a slight variation in the side chain. This compound may exhibit similar properties and chemical reactivity to 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-.
Another compound with a comparable molecular structure to 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- is 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxybutyl)-. Here, the hydroxyethyl group is substituted with a hydroxybutyl group, leading to a molecule that is structurally analogous to 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-. This compound may share similar chemical properties and biological activities with the original compound.
Additionally, a related compound to 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)- based on molecular structure is 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropenyl)-. In this compound, the hydroxyethyl group is replaced with a propenyl group, introducing a double bond into the side chain. This alteration in structure may influence the compound’s reactivity and properties compared to 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-.
